祁连山东段不同放牧强度下高原鼢鼠栖息地选择分析  

A study of habitat selection by plateau zokor in paddocks with different grazing intensities in the eastern Qilian Mountain region

作　　者：楚彬[1] 花立民[1] 周延山[1] 刘丽[1] 李帅[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草业学报》2016年第1期179-186,共8页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31460635);农业部公益性行业科研项目(No.201203041);甘肃省科技厅国际合作项目(No.1304WCGA174)资助

摘　　要：本研究以祁连山东段高寒草甸栖息的高原鼢鼠为研究对象,探讨不同放牧强度下高原鼢鼠栖息地特征及选择因素,为合理控制草原鼠害及保护草地生物多样性提供科学依据。本研究选择4个不同放牧强度小区,调查每个小区的高原鼢鼠相对种群密度、土壤紧实度和容重、植物学组成、植物物种丰富度、地上生物量、可食牧草产量及各植物功能群产量,并分析高原鼢鼠相对种群密度与这些要素之间的关系。结果表明,放牧强度与高原鼢鼠相对种群密度有正相关关系但不显著(P>0.05),重度放牧区下高原鼢鼠相对种群密度最高,禁牧区高原鼢鼠相对种群密度最低;高原鼢鼠相对种群密度与土壤紧实度呈显著负相关(P<0.05),与土壤容重和地上生物量呈负相关但不显著(P>0.05);高原鼢鼠相对种群密度与杂类草产量有正相关关系但不显著(P>0.05),与可食牧草产量、禾草产量和物种丰富度有负相关关系但不显著(P>0.05);多元线性回归方程表明影响高原鼢鼠栖息地选择的主要因素是土壤紧实度(Y=205.36-0.145 X1,X1为土壤紧实度)。The objective of this study was to analyze the habitat selection and habitat characteristics of plateau zokor(Eospalax baileyi)in paddocks with different grazing intensities in the eastern Qilian Mountain region,in order to provide scientific information for controlling plateau zokor and conserving biodiversity in alpine meadows.Four paddocks with different grazing intensities were selected to investigate the zokor population density and habitat characteristics,including soil compaction and bulk density(g/cm3),vegetation botanical composition,plant species richness,aboveground plant biomass,and palatable forage biomass.A multiple regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between the plateau zokor population density and habitat characters.The zokor population density was highest in paddocks with the highest grazing intensity,and lowest in ungrazed paddocks(P>0.05).The zokor population density had a significant negative correlation with soil compaction(P <0.05)and a non-significant negative correlation with soil bulk density and aboveground plant biomass(P>0.05).The multiple regression for the relation between plateau zokor density and soil compaction,forb biomass,grass biomass,plants richness indicated that soil compaction was the dominant factor that influenced the plateau zokor habitat selection.

关 键 词：高原鼢鼠 放牧强度 栖息地特征 栖息地选择 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]