探空气球漂移特征及对三角形法计算散度的影响  

Features of Radiosonde Balloon Drifting with Impacts on Divergence Calculated by Triangle Method

作　　者：王学忠[1] 胡邦辉[1] 王举[1] 黄泓[1,2] 邹勋[2] 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学气象海洋学院,南京211101 [2]南京大学大气科学学院,南京210093

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2015年第3期319-327,共9页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41375049;41475070);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20131431);江苏省高校自然科学研究项目(12KJB170007)

摘　　要：利用2006—2013年南京站、安庆站和杭州站探空资料,讨论华东地区探空气球的漂移特征。设计不考虑气球漂移、考虑全部气球漂移和考虑部分气球漂移3个试验,比较3种情况下三角形法计算的散度差异。结果表明:气球漂移主要受大气环流及其变化影响,纬向上7月和8月气球随高度增加,先向东漂移、后向西漂移,其他月份以向东漂移为主,冬季漂移距离大;经向上受季风影响明显。考虑全部和部分气球漂移与不考虑气球漂移的散度对比表明,平均绝对偏差各月在对流层顶附近均有极大值;相对偏差季节分布明显,前者在6—9月较大,极大值略大于7%,后者冬季大,1月在200 hPa达到25%,在50 hPa超过50%。因此,利用三角形法计算散度所在层次较高或所使用资料中传统探空和特种探空并存时,均需考虑气球漂移影响。Traditional radiosonde balloon can float a long distance from its releasing place especially when reaching a high level above ground,while special radiosondes consisting of wind profiler and satellite remote sensing information are snapshots of atmospheric status and have no spatial drifts of particular location.The spatial derivatives(such as divergence) calculated through triangle method are closely related to the triangle's three-culminations position.The balloon floating and inhomogeneity introduced by the mixed use of data from traditional and special radiosondes can dramatically change the relative position of those culminations.The balloon floating feature and its impact on the divergence calculated through triangle method is a subject of potential application.Based on traditional radiosonde data of three stations in Eastern China,namely Nanjing,Anqing and Hangzhou with time coverage from 2006 to 2013,statistical features of balloon drift are investigated.And three experiments are designed to investigate how the balloon drifting impact the divergence computed through triangle method.The first experiment does not take the balloon drift into account,representing the traditional case which regards the radiosonde is right above the releasing point.The second experiment regards three balloons floating freely controlled by the atmospheric circumstance,which reflects the true physical processes of balloon motion.The third experiment is to simulate the inhomogeneity of traditional and special radiosondes:The balloon from Nanjing is assumed to have no horizontal motion as an analogue of special radiosonde and balloons from other two stations are freely floating as representatives of traditional radiosondes.Result shows that the balloon floats eastward all year round except in July and August.The float distance is larger in winter contrast with other seasons,with its maximum of about 120 km.In July and August,the balloon floats eastward within the low level and change its direction to westward at higher level.In mer

关 键 词：三角形方法 漂移订正 散度 非均一性 

分 类 号：P412.21[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]