球形炸药设计及其水下爆炸冲击波特性  

DESIGN OF SPHERICAL EXPLOSIVE AND ITS UNDERWATER EXPLOSION SHOCK WAVE CHARACTERISTICS

作　　者：梁向前[1] 胡晶[1,2] 马宏昊[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048 [2]北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院,北京100191 [3]中国科学技术大学,合肥230027

出　　处：《工程爆破》2015年第6期19-24,共6页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51339006)

摘　　要：雷管等爆炸元件的爆炸能量分布通常并不均匀,在离心机中研究爆炸问题对爆源的尺寸和爆炸能量分布要求较高,爆炸能量不均匀对试验结果存在影响,不符合爆炸力学中的点源假定。采用黑索金炸药制作球形炸药,探讨了细径导爆索及无起爆药雷管作为起爆方式的适用性。最终确定微型导爆雷管中心起爆球形炸药的方式,并研究了其水下爆炸冲击波特性,峰值压力与比例距离近似成线性关系,冲击波压力波形可以较好地采用冲击波压力公式拟合。Explosion energy distributions of detonator and explosives elements were not uniform.The requirements of the explosive source size and explosive energy distribution was high when studying explosion in centrifuge.The nonuniform energy distribution would affect the experiment results and was inconsistent with the point source assumption in explosion mechanics.RDX was used to make spherical explosive.The applicability of thin diameter detonating fuse and non-primary explosive detonator were used to initiate detonation.The mini detonating explosive was finally adopted to centrally initiate the spherical explosive,and the underwater explosion shock wave characteristics of the spherical explosive was studied.The peak pressure has approximately linear relation with the proportional distance,and the shock wave pressure waveform could be well fitted by the formula of shock wave pressure.

关 键 词：点源 黑索金 微型导爆雷管 水下爆炸 冲击波压力 

分 类 号：TD235.21[矿业工程—矿井建设] O382[理学—流体力学]