欧洲北海跨国污染防治政策建构与成效  

The Construction and Achievements of Transboundary Pollution Prevention Policies in the North Sea,Europe

作　　者：朱源[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部环境工程评估中心,北京100012

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2016年第1期32-36,共5页Environmental Impact Assessment

摘　　要：在《奥斯陆-巴黎公约》、北海会议和欧盟三个机制的共同作用下,欧洲北海污染防治从认知、规范和管制三个层面,建构了一个较为高效的跨国环境政策体系。《奥斯陆-巴黎公约》启动了跨国环境合作,开展了联合环境研究。在此基础上,无约束力的北海会议突破性地提出了跨国环境合作的北海宣言。这些原则、规范、目标和措施被《奥斯陆-巴黎公约》和欧盟采纳后,通过有约束力的执行和处罚措施,切实落实了相关的环保措施。《奥斯陆-巴黎公约》和欧盟在管制对象上也互有侧重。三个机制虽然存在重复,但总体相互补充、高效合作,切实改变了管制对象的行为,改善了北海环境。Under the jointly and mutually complementary mechanisms of Oslo-Paris Convention,North Sea Conference and European Union,the pollution prevention policies in the North Sea had constructed an efficient transboundary system in terms of cognition,norms and regulations. The Oslo-Paris Convention has launched the transboundary environmental cooperation,as well as the joint environmental researches. On this basis,the non-binding North Sea Conference made a breakthrough to present North Sea declarations on transboundary environmental cooperation. These principles,norms,environmental goals and measures were adopted by Oslo-Paris Convention and European Union,and through the binding implementation and punishment measures,relevant environmental protection measures have been earnestly implemented. Oslo-Paris Convention and European Union were focusing on different controlled targets. Although some redundancy and inconsistency exist, these three mechanisms are mutually complementary and effectively cooperative. The North Sea pollution prevention policies have indeed altered the behavior of the controlled targets and improved the environment of North Sea.

关 键 词：环境政策机制 认知 规范 管制 欧洲 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]