中国土地制度:农民工与工业化、城市化  

Land System in China: Rural Migrant Workers, Industrialization and Urbanization

作　　者：曹锦清[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学人文社会科学部 [2]华东理工大学社会学系

出　　处：《社会建设》2015年第3期3-10,共8页Social Construction

摘　　要：中国的土地制度为中国工业化、城市化及大规模基础设施建设提供廉价的土地。此种农地征用补偿制度,对中国改革开放30余年的经济和社会发展带来重大且深远的影响,这突出表现为以"物"为中心的城市化。农地征用补偿制度在快速推动中国工业化和城市化的同时,也带来了诸如农民群体抗争、地方官员腐败等社会问题。当前中国农民工城市化的主要问题是如何解决农民工随迁子女在工作地的入学问题和妥善处理所谓农民工的"社会保险基金"的异地"接续"问题。随着农民工城市化的有序、稳定地推进,中国的土地制度,尤其是农业经营制度也将发生(或已经开始发生)重要的变化。目前总的政策导向是:确保原农户的土地承包权,同时有序推进农地经营权的相对集中(适度规模,连片经营),并创建各种有效的新型农业经营主体。The land system in China provides massive low-cost land for the large-scale infrastructure projects in the process of industrialization and urbanization. As a compensation system of agricultural land requisition, it has a great effect on the economy and social development since the reform and opening up, which is centered as material urbanization. The compensation system of agricultural land requisition not just contributes industrialization and urbanization, but also produces new problems, such as mass protest and local corruption. Nowadays the most primary problem involves the transformation of social security insurance when the peasant-workers change their work place and the issue of entering school for their children. Apparently, along with peasants' urbanization, the land system in China, especially the agricultural management system changes a lot. Therefore, the main policy orientation is to ensure the land contract right, as well as, concentrate the agricultural management such as appropriate scale and concentrated management, and support new effective agricultural management operators.

关 键 词：土地制度 农民工 工业化 城市化 

分 类 号：F301.1[经济管理—产业经济]