甲苯二异氰酸酯职业接触对工人健康的影响  

Effect of occupational exposure to toluene diisocyanate on workers＂ health

作　　者：巨睿 贾强[1] 孟涛[2] 王翠娟[1] 陈学磊[1] 牛勇[2] 孟潇[1] 耿晓[1] 马英华[1] 贾祺祥 苗盼盼[2] 戴宇飞[2] 郑玉新[2] 邵华[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省医学科学院山东省职业卫生与职业病防治研究院,济南250062 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所、化学污染物与健康重点实验室 [3]济南大学 [4]山东省医学科学院医学与生命科学学院

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2016年第1期23-26,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目（81470145）;山东省科技发展计划（2012G0030034）;中国博士后科学基金面上资助（2014M551951）;十二五国家科技支撑计划资助项目（2014BAll2802）;山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目（2014WS0334）

摘　　要：目的研究甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）对职业接触工人健康的影响。方法选取某工厂TDI作业工人76名（接触组）及本厂管理工作人员64名（对照组）为研究对象。用GBZ159．2004《工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范》方法对暴露现场进行定点采样，气象色谱法测定空气中TDI浓度。使用调查问卷收集个人信息，便携式肺功能仪测定肺通气功能，全自动血常规分析仪、生化分析仪测定血液学指标，用南京建成生物试剂盒测定氧化损伤及能量代谢指标。使用sPSs17．0软件包进行数据统计分析。结果TDI接触组用力肺活量（FVC）、1秒用力呼气容积（FEV10）及1秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量的比值（FEV10/FVc）均明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。接触组红细胞计数（RBc）、血小板体积分布宽度（PDw）、平均血小板体积（MPv）、淋巴细胞计数（LYM）及中性粒细胞计数（NEuT）细胞的数量均明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。接触组乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、超氧化物歧化酶（S0D）、琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）活力均显著低于对照组人员，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。接触组接触工龄与外周血血清中SDH、LDH活力呈显著负相关（r=-0.319，P〈O．05；r=-0．239，P〈0．05），未发现接触组工人接触工龄与S0D活力及肺功能指标有相关关系。结论TDI可引起TDI接触工人炎性反应并致肺通气功能损伤，还可以导致氧化应激及能量代谢失衡，对接触工人健康有损害，需要加强防护。Objective To investigate the effect of occupational exposure to toluene diisocyanate （TDI） on the workers＂ health. Methods A total of 76 workers exposed to TDI （exposure group） and 64 management staff members （control group） were selected from a factory as the study subjects. Area sampling was performed for the place with exposure to TDI according to the method in GBZ 159-2004 Specifications of air sampling for hazardous substances monitoring in the workplace, and gas chromatography was applied to measure the concentration of TDI in workplace air. The workers＇ personal information was collected with questionnaire, pulmonary ventilation function was determined with a portable spirometer, hematological parameters were analyzed by automatic blood analyzer and blood chemistry analyzer, and the indicators of oxidative damage and energy metabolism were measured by the reagent kit provided by Nanjing Jianeheng Bioengineering Institute. SPSS 17 software was applied for statistical analysis. Results The exposure group had significantly lower forced vital capacity （FVC）, forced expiratory volume in 1 second（FEV^0）, and FEV1.0/FVC ratio than the control group （P 〈0.05）. Compared with the control group, the exposure group had significantly higher red blood cell count, platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume, lymphocyte count, and neutrophil count （P〈0.01）, and significantly lower activities of lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）, superoxide dismutase, and succinodehydrogenase （SDH）（P 〈0.01）. In the exposure group, the length of exposure was negatively correlated with the activities of SDH and LDH in the serum （r=-0.319, P 〈0.05; r=-0.239, P 〈0.05）, and the length of exposure was not found to be correlated with the activity of SOD and pulmonary function indices.Conclusion TDI can induce inflammatory response and lung ventilation function impairment in workers exposed to TDI, as well as oxidative stress and imbalance of energy metabolism. Therefore, it can cause damag

关 键 词：甲苯二异氰酸酯 呼吸功能试验 超氧化物歧化酶 红细胞计数 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]