论领土争端解决中的默认  

Acquiescence in the Settlement of Territorial Disputes

作　　者：宋岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学国际法学院

出　　处：《亚太安全与海洋研究》2016年第1期62-77,132,共16页Asia-Pacific Security and Maritime Affairs

摘　　要：在领土争端解决中,国际法庭不仅考虑当事国对争端领土提出的主权主张,还会考虑一国对另一国主张的态度。面对他国的竞争主张,拥有或主张主权的一国不抗议或不反应,这种情形将可能构成默认。在判断一国是否默认他国主张时,需要考虑三个条件:第一,该国知道或者应当知道他国的主张;第二,该国应当并且能够反应以维护其权利;第三,该国保持沉默或者没有及时抗议。默认并不是判断主权归属的独立权利来源,但可以支持和强化根据其他法律依据得出的结论。在例外情况下,默认他国以主权者名义对领土实施的行为,可能导致主权的变更,关键在于判断当事国是否通过行为达成了新的合意。When it comes to the settlement of territorial disputes,international tribunals not only take the claim of the Parties into consideration,but also the response to such claims.Faced with the competing claim from another State,the State possessing or asserting sovereignty shows no protest or keeps silent,under this circumstance,acquiescence is formed.As for the question whether a State acquiesces in such claim,it must be satisfied with the following three requirements;firstly,the State knows or should be aware of the existence of a competing claim;secondly,the State should possess the ability to make responses and shall react in order to maintain its title;thirdly,the State keeps silent or makes no response within reasonable period of time.Acquiescence is not an independent legal title for the attribution of territorial sovereignty.Nevertheless,it can support and strengthen the conclusion reached upon other legal basis.In exceptional cases,the acquiescence of one State in activities a titre de souverain conducted by another State may cause the transfer of sovereignty.However,the determining factor of such transfer lies in finding out whether the Parties have reached a new agreement by their conduct.

关 键 词：默认 知情 抗议 合意 

分 类 号：B81-06[哲学宗教—逻辑学]