注入水中悬浮物对低渗透油藏储层堵塞规律  

Plugging Rules to Low Permeability Reservoir Caused by Suspension in Injected Water

作　　者：罗莉涛 刘先贵[3] 孙灵辉[3] 萧汉敏[3] 支联友 杨烨[3] 马家义[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院渗流流体力学研究所,河北廊坊065007 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100190 [3]中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院,河北廊坊065007

出　　处：《地质科技情报》2016年第1期128-133,139,共7页Geological Science and Technology Information

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2011ZX05031)

摘　　要：注入水中悬浮颗粒和悬浮油滴能够严重堵塞低渗透油藏储层,造成渗透率下降,导致注水难、采油难。开展悬浮颗粒和悬浮油滴对低渗透储层堵塞规律的研究对提高油田注水效果有着重要的指导作用。对悬浮颗粒和悬浮油滴分别设计了5种粒径、3种质量浓度的岩心流动及反排解堵实验,并结合岩心的孔喉特征分析了堵塞规律。结果表明:悬浮颗粒或悬浮油滴对储层的堵塞存在贯穿性堵塞、浅部堵塞、贯穿性堵塞向浅部堵塞过渡3种形式;质量浓度和粒径在不同堵塞形式中对堵塞存在主次的影响作用;在过渡阶段,堵塞最严重、解堵效果最差。悬浮颗粒在过渡阶段的粒径范围较窄,且接近喉道直径;悬浮油滴在过渡阶段的粒径范围较宽,且大于喉道直径;悬浮颗粒的解堵效果明显弱于悬浮油滴。建议低渗透油田在达到配注量的同时,悬浮颗粒或悬浮油滴质量浓度尽量小、粒径范围尽量集中且远离过渡阶段。针对安塞油田,建议悬浮颗粒质量浓度≤2mg/L、粒径<4μm;悬浮油滴质量浓度<5mg/L、粒径≤3.16μm。Suspended particle and suspended oil-drop in injected water can seriously plug the low permeabil- ity reservoir . They make water injected and oil produced hardly. In order to solve the problem, it need hardly to carry out the research on plugging mechanism to the low permeability reservoir caused by suspen- ded particle and suspended oil-drop. For suspended particle and suspended oil-drop, we have designed re- spectively the core plugging experiment which used 3 kinds of size and 5 kinds of concentration and the re- verse solution plugging experiment on the low permeability reservoir. The results achieved are as follows. For suspended particle and suspended oil-drop, the plugging form have penetrable plugging, shallow plug- ging and a transitional phase from penetrable plugging to shallow plugging. The concentration c and size d play different leading roles for the plugging degree in different plugging phases. The plugging degree is the most serious but the effect of removing plugging is the worst in a transitional phase. The size range of sus- pended particle is narrow in a transitional phase, while the size range of suspended particle is wide in a transitional phase. The effect of removing plugging on suspended particle is better than on suspended oil- drop. We suggest that the concentration should be low, and the particle-size range should be focused and away from the transitional phase. Accordingly, that the Ansai low permeable oil field should follow c≤2 mg/L and d〈4. 175 μm of suspended particle and c〈5 mg/L and d≤3.16 μm of suspended oil-drop in in- jected water.

关 键 词：低渗透油藏 悬浮颗粒 悬浮油滴 堵塞 浓度 粒径 

分 类 号：TE357.6[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]