不同菌种对猪用发酵床的应用效果  

Effects of different compound bacterial agents on fermentation bed of swine

作　　者：魏平[1] 滚双宝[1] 张强龙[1] 赵芳芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2015年第6期18-24,共7页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B10);甘肃省科技创新项目(GNCX-2009-13;GNCX-2012-45);兰州市人才创新创业科技计划项目(2014-RC-83)

摘　　要：为筛选适宜于在西北地区推广发酵床养猪的菌种，试验以稻壳、锯末、玉米秸秆和玉米芯为原料，通过添加当地土著菌种、实验室保存的纤维素分解菌群和商业发酵菌种，研究不同菌种对发酵床效果的影响．试验共设了7个处理组合，分别为：100％土著菌种（A1）、100％纤维素分解菌群（A2）、100％商业发酵菌种（A3）、30％土著菌种＋70％纤维素分解菌群（B1）、70％土著菌种＋30％纤维素分解菌群（Bz）、50％土著菌种十50％纤维素分解菌群（B3）、不添加任何发酵菌种的对照组（CK）．结果表明：整个试验过程中，B2组发酵床30cm处平均温度最高为（37．66土1．32）℃，与其他组差异显著（P〈0．05），其中，在前5期，B2组与A3组差异不显著（P〉0．05）；各试验组的pH值都处在7．0～8．5，均在适宜微生物生长的范围内，其中B2组pH值显著低于同期其他组（P〈0．05），说明添加微生物菌剂能降低垫料的pH值，对猪粪中NHs的挥发有一定抑制作用；C／N在整个试验过程中，均呈现持续下降的趋势，其中，A1、B2和B3组下降趋势明显大于其他组（P〈0．05）；各试验组粗纤维在11-35d降解速率最大，42d后A2和B2组粗纤维的总降解率分别为44．38％和45．08％，显著高于CK组（P〈0．05）．综合评价，70％土著菌种＋30％纤维素分解菌群组发酵效果相对较好．In order to select suitable strains for fermentation bed of pig raising in northwest areas of China, rice husk, sawdust, corn stalk and corn cob were taken as raw materials, and added with local indigenous bacteria, cellulose decomposing bacteria preserved in laboratory and commercial fermentation strains, respectively, thus the effects of different inoculants on the fermentation bed were studied. Seven treatments were set as follows, 100% indigenous bacteria （A1）, 100% cellulose decomposition microbes （A2）, 100% commercial fermentation strains （A3）, 30% indigenous strains ＋ 700/00 cellulose decomposition microbes （B1）, 70% indigenous strains＋30% cellulose decomposition microbes （B2）, 50% indigenous strains＋50% cellulose decomposition microbes （B3）,no adding as control group （CK）. The results showed that the in the whole test process, the average temperature at 30cm of fermentation bed of B2 group was the highest （37. 66± 1.32） ℃ ,and was significantly different with that of other groups （P〈0.05） ,but which was not significantly different between B2 and A3 group in the first five cycles （P〉0.05）. The pH values of each group were between 7.0-8. 5, all within the suitable scope for microbial growth, the pH value of B2 group was significantly lower than that of other groups in the same period （P〈0. 05）, this showed that adding microbial agents could reduce the pH value of bed, and had a certain inhibitory effect on NH3 volatilization of pig manure. In the whole test process, C/N presented the declining trends, which of A1, B2 and Ba group were much obviously than that of other groups （P〈0. 05）. The degradation rate of crude fiber of each group was the highest during 11-35 d, after 42 days, the total crude fiber degradation rate of A2 and B2 group were 44. 38% and 45.08%, and were both significantly higher than that of control group （P〈0. 05）. Comprehensive evaluation results showed that 70 % indigenous strains＋ 30 % cellulose decomposition micr

关 键 词：发酵床 复合菌剂 温度 猪粪 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]