气候因子变化对西方蜜蜂群势的影响  

Effect of climatic factors change on the populations of honeybee,Apis mellifera L.

作　　者：胡宗文 杨娟 王艳辉 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学研究院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所,云南草坝661101

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2015年第12期2086-2092,共7页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：云南省科技厅重点新产品开发计划(2011BB012)

摘　　要：为了研究气候因子变化对西方蜜蜂群势发展的影响,采用了Vantage Pro2气象仪记录气候变化,并与测子框每隔5 d测定的幼虫、蛹、成蜂量、食物存储数量相比较的方法,对2014年7,8,9月份西方蜜蜂群势发展进行研究。结果表明,在7月份温度与幼虫(相关系数r=-0.29)、蜜粉存储量(r=-0.17)、工蜂量(r=-0.65)呈负相关,但湿度与群势的增长呈正相关;8月份温度与蛹(r=0.08)、蜜粉存储量(r=0.73,P<0.05)呈正相关,与幼虫(r=-0.53)、工蜂量(r=-0.61)呈负相关,湿度则相反(蛹r=-0.06;蜜粉r=-0.74,P<0.05;幼虫r=0.51;工蜂量r=0.61);在9月份,温度与蜂群的4个指标呈正相关(幼虫r=0.62;蛹r=0.47,P<0.05;蜜粉存储量r=0.7,P<0.05;工蜂量r=0.79,P<0.01),湿度除幼虫(r=0.15)外均呈负相关(蛹r=-0.21;蜜粉存储量r=-0.24;工蜂量r=-0.06)。气候因子变化呈现在温湿度的改变,蜜蜂群势的变化与温湿度的改变相适应。可认为西方蜜蜂群势的动态变化是一种具有季节性的模式特征。In order to investigate the effect of climatic factor change on the populations of honeybee in Caoba area, we recorded the climatic＇, factor change in July, August, September 2014 by meteorograph of Vantage Pro2 and com- pared the numbers of eggs, larvae, pupae, workers and food storage measured by standard frame every 5 days in the same time. The results showed that there were negative correlations between temperature and larvae （ r = - 0. 29 ） , food storage （ r = - 0. 17 ） , workers （ r = - 0. 65 ） , while the relative humidity had a positive correlation with the colony factors in July. In August, temperature had positive correlation with pupae （ r = 0. 08 ） and food storage （ r = 0. 73, P 〈 0. 05 ）, and had negative correlation with larvae （ r = - 0. 53 ）, workers （ r = - 0. 61 ） ; Relative humidity however was quite opposite, which had negative eorrelation with pupae （ r = - 0. 06 ） , food storage （ r = - 0. 74 ） , and had positive correlation with larvae （ r -- 0. 51 ）, worker（ r = 0. 61 ）. Furthermore, in September, temperature had positive con＇elation with the factors of honeybee population with larvae （ r = 0. 62, P 〈 0. 05 ） , pupae （ r = 0. 47, P 〈 0. 05 ）, food storage （ r = 0. 7, P 〈 0. 05 ）, workers （ r = 0. 79, P 〈 0. 01 ） ; On the eontrary, relative humidity had negative correlation with these factors with pupae （r = -0. 21 ）, food storage （r = -0. 24） , worker （r = -0. 06） exeept for larvae （r = 0. 15 ）. The elimatic factor decided temperature and humidity of maero environment whieh hadrelationship with the development of honeybee population. In conclusion, the population dynamics of honeybee （Apis mellifera L. ） in temperature regions showed a characteristic seasonal pattern.

关 键 词：气候因子 蜂群群势 草坝 西方蜜蜂 

分 类 号：S891[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]