743例农村妇女绝经相关症状及影响因素分析  

Menopausal symptoms in 743 rural women and their risk factors

作　　者：臧红艳[1] 鲍丹凤 袁丽娟[1] 耿莉[1] 邹健[1] 葛建芬[1] 陈燕[2] 谭萌萌 姚应水[2] 

机构地区：[1]盐城市妇幼保健院妇女保健科,江苏盐城224002 [2]皖南医学院公共卫生学院,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2015年第6期1174-1176,共3页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的了解农村妇女绝经相关症状并分析其影响因素。方法对40~60岁的农村妇女进行问卷调查,内容包括人口学特征、生活方式、健康状况和既往病史,测量身高、体重等,采用改良Kupperman量表对绝经症状进行评估。结果常见绝经症状为骨关节痛(55.05%)、情绪波动(53.70%)、失眠(51.01%)。依据改良Kupperman量表评分标准,常见重度症状为性生活问题(16.02%)、头痛(6.19%)和失眠(5.38%)。潮热出汗、感觉异常、失眠、情绪波动、抑郁疑心、骨关节痛和性生活症状因绝经分期不同患病率有显著性差异(x^2值分别为20.863、10.454、16.699、21.521、7.415、17.026、94.070,均P<0.05),眩晕、疲乏、头痛、心悸、皮肤蚁走感和尿路感染症状患病率在绝经各期无显著性差异(x^2值分别为2.269、5.085、0.003、5.080、1.013、2.719,均P>0.05)。慢性病、年龄增长是围绝经期综合征的危险因素(OR值分别为5.347、1.744,均P<0.05)。结论农村妇女绝经相关症状、围绝经期综合征患病率较高,症状以轻中度为主,因绝经分期不同而各异,妇女保健工作者应为不同绝经分期、不同年龄段妇女提供个体化的保健服务,积极防治慢性病,促进绝经妇女健康。Objective To investigate the common menopausal symptoms in women living in Yancheng rural areas and to explore their risk factors. Methods A survey was carried out in Yancheng rural women aged 40 - 60 years including demographic characteristics, liie style, health condition, medical history, height and weight. Menopausal symptoms were evaluated by modified Kupperman Index. Results The most frequent menopausal symptoms were bone and joint pain （55.05%）, mood swing （53.70%） and insomnia （51.01%）. According to score standard of modified Kupperman Index, the common severe symptoms were sexual life problem （ 16.02% ）, headache （6.19%） and insomnia （5.38%）. There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence of flush and sweating, abnormal sensation, insomnia, depression and suspicion, mood swings, bone and joint pain and sex problems due to various menopausal stages （X2 value was 20. 863, 10. 454, 16. 699, 2l. 521, 7. 415, 17. 026 and 94. 070, respectively, all P 〈 0.05）. But the differences in the prevalence of dizziness, fatigue, headache, palpitations, sense of ants walking on skin and urinary infection were not significant （X2 value was 2. 269, 5. 085, 0. 003, 5. 080, 1. 013 and 2. 719, respectively, all P 〉 0.05 ）. Chronic diseases and aging were risk factors of menopausal syndrome （ OR value was 5. 347 and 1. 744, respectively, both P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The overall prevalence of menopausal symptoms is relatively higher in rural women, and the majority is mild to moderate level. There are different menopausal symptoms at different menopausal stages. For promoting health condition of menopausal women, health care workers should provide individualized health services for rural women according to menopause stage and age and actively prevent chronic diseases.

关 键 词：农村妇女 绝经症状 围绝经期综合征 危险因素 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]