陵水新村湾海草场大型底栖生物多样性分析  

Observation of Macrobenthos in Seagrass Meadows in the Xincun Bay,Lingshui,Hainan,China

作　　者：李洋[1] 王小兵[2] 黄勃[1] 李俊[1] 詹绍芬[1] 王雅丽[1] 于淑楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学海洋学院,海口570228 [2]海南大学材料化工学院,海口570228

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2015年第4期381-387,共7页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：国家海洋公益行业科研专项(201105008-7);国家"863"计划项目(2012AA10 A412-8);海南大学中西部计划学科重点领域建设项目(XBJH-XK006);国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADB2B0404-02);国家中医药行业科研专项(201207002-03)

摘　　要：通过对陵水新村湾海草场大型底栖生物的调查,对新村海草场的大型底栖生物结构构成及海草生境之间的关系进行了初步研究。结果表明,新村湾海草场大型底栖生物构成种类以双壳类为主,占总体的43%,其次为腹足类,占总体的26%,重要门类构成在季节中变化不大,总数呈现夏秋2季较多,冬春2季较少的趋势。春季以纵带滩栖螺(Batillaris zonalis)为优势种;夏季、秋季以海蚯蚓(Arenicda cristata)为优势种;冬季以厚鳃蚕(Dasybranchus caducus)为优势种。全年生物量变化呈现出夏秋2季较大春冬2季较小的情况,并出现由海草床区域向外递减的趋势。不同海草生境大型底栖生物群落的栖息度及生物量有所不同,在各类海草生境中泰来藻生境的栖息度、生物量和物种多样性指数H'指数最高,各类海草生境中大型底栖生物多样性及种类均匀度指数呈现夏秋2季较高,春冬2季较低的情况。聚类分析表明,调查海域内的二药藻生境、喜盐草生境、小喜盐草的生境有着相似的大型底栖生物群落。The macrobenthos in the Xincun Bay of Lingshui County, Hainan, China were investigated to analyze the relationship between their structure and the seagrass habitats. The result showed that macrobenthos in the Xincun Bay were mainly composed of bivalves, accounting for 43 % of the total, followed by gastropods accounting for 26% of the total. The main species did not vary significantly with season, and more species were generally observed in summer and autumn, but less in winter and spring. The dominant species were Batillaris zonalis in spring, Arenicda cristata in summer and autumn, and Dasybranchus caducus in winter. Observation of the bio- mass variation in the whole year showed that the biomass changed and winter, and tended to decline from the seagrass region to the greater in summer and autumn than in spring outward. The density and biomass of macrobenthos communities in different seagrass habitats were different, and the density, biomass and biodiversity index H＇ of Thalassia hemperichii were the highest. Biodiversity and evenness index of macrobenthos in the seagrass habitats were higher in summer and autumn, and lower in spring and winter. Cluster analysis indicated that macrobenthos communities were similar in the habitats of Halodule uninervis, Halophila ovalis and Halophila minor of the sea area under study.

关 键 词：海草场 大型底栖生物 多样性 

分 类 号：S932.8[农业科学—渔业资源]