宁夏干旱带油用向日葵水肥耦合效应研究  

Effect of Water-fertilizer Coupling on Oilseed Sunflower in the Drought Region of Ningxia

作　　者：何玲[1] 何文寿[1] 任然[1] 王涛[1] 张立新 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏同心县气象局,宁夏同心751300

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2015年第12期16-20,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31160416);国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAD29B07-05)

摘　　要：在滴灌条件下,采用“3414”最优最有混合设计的部分实施方案,增加农家肥处理以作比较,并结合不同灌水定额,在宁夏中部干旱带开展了油用向日葵水肥耦合田间试验。揭示了不同灌溉定额条件下油用向日葵氮磷钾肥与农家肥肥料效应及其水肥耦合效应。结果表明：相同灌水量条件下,增施氮磷钾肥和农家肥均可提高产量,以氮磷钾处理最优,比无肥对照增产31%~38%;相同施肥条件下,实施灌水可提高产量,并灌水量为600m^3/hm^2的增幅总是比灌水量为1200 m^3/hm^2显著。适合当地的最优水肥耦合组合为：灌水量为600 m3/hm^2,纯N用量为210kg/hm^2,P2O5用量为90kg/hm^2,K2O用量为60kg/hm^2。产量达到4 074kg/hm^2,比不灌水无肥对照增产63.8%,较灌水600m3/hm2的农家肥对照处理增产11.5%。Using part of the ＂3414＂ implement scheme of optimum mixed design, adding a farmyard manure treatment as compared treatment, and combining with different irrigation amount, the water-fertilizer coupling field experiment for oilseed sunflower is conducted under the condition of drip irrigation in the drought area of middle Ningxia to reveal the effects of oilseed sunflower NPK fer tilizer and farmyard manure and their water-fertilizer coupling under the conditions of different irrigation quota. The experiment resuits show that under the condition of same irrigation amount, both NPK fertilizer and farmyard manure can increase the production, NPK is the best treatment, which can increase the production by 31%0 438% than the no fertilizer treatment. Under the condition of same fertilization, adding irrigation can increase production, and the growing rate of the treatment with 600 m^3/hm^2 irrigation quota is always more than that of the treatment with 1 200 m^3/hm^2 irrigation quota. The optimum combination of water and fertilizers suitable for local agriculture is 600 m^3/hm^2 irrigation amount, 210 kg/hm^2 N, 90 kg/hm^2 P2O5, 60 kg/hm^2 K2O, and the yield can reach 4 074 kg/hm^2 , which is increased by 63.80/oo and 11.50/oo than the yield of the treatment of no fertilizer and water and the treat ment of farmyard manure with 600 m^3/hm^2 irrigation quantity, respectively.

关 键 词：油用向日葵 水肥耦合 干旱地区 产量 

分 类 号：S565.5[农业科学—作物学]