不同盐胁迫对啤酒大麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of Different Salts on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Barley

作　　者：包奇军[1] 柳小宁[1] 张华瑜[1] 徐银萍[1] 火克仓[1] 武魏国 潘永东[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农科院经济作物与啤酒原料研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《大麦与谷类科学》2015年第4期1-6,共6页Barley and Cereal Sciences

基　　金：国家大麦青稞产业技术体系(CARS-05);甘肃省农科院农业科技创新专项(2012GAAS15-3)

摘　　要：本试验采用不同浓度的单盐NaCl、Na_2SO_4、NaHCO_3、Na_2CO_3溶液对2个大麦品种甘啤4号与甘啤5号种子进行胁迫处理。结果表明:2个不同品种种子的发芽势、发芽率、芽长、芽重、根数、根长均随单盐浓度的增加而下降,而盐害指数随单盐浓度的增加而上升;但低浓度(50 mmol/L)Na_2CO_3、NaHCO_3会促进甘啤4号根的发生,高浓度急剧抑制根的生长,当Na_2CO_3浓度达100 mmol/L、NaHCO_3浓度达200 mmol/L时,则完全抑制大麦根系生长。方差分析结果表明,在不同单盐胁迫条件下,品种、盐浓度及品种与盐浓度间互作对发芽势、发芽率、芽长、芽重、根数、根长均有极显著的影响(P<0.01),表明同一品种对不同单盐胁迫的敏感程度不同。4种单盐对啤酒大麦发芽势、发芽率、根数、根长、根重、盐害指数胁迫的强弱顺序是:碱性盐(Na_2CO_3、NaHCO_3)>中性盐(Na_2SO_4、NaCl),碱性盐中Na_2CO_3>NaHCO_3,中性盐Na_2SO_4>NaCl;而芽长、芽重对盐的敏感顺序是:Na_2CO_3>Na_2SO_4>NaHCO_3>NaCl,而且这些盐对根的抑制大于对芽的抑制,不过,在品种之间甘啤5号耐盐碱性好于甘啤4号。The current research examined the impact of the stress of single salts -sodium chloride （NaCl）, sodium sulfate （Na2SO4 ） , sodium bicarbonate （NaHCO3 ）, and sodium carbonate （Na2CO3 ） -at different concentrations on seed germination and seedling growth of two barley varieties, Ganpi 4 and Ganpi 5. As a result, an increase in the concentration of single salt led to reductions in parameters of seed germination and seedling growth （ germination potential, germination rate, sprout length, sprout weight, root number, and root length） of the two varieties, but an rise in salt harm index. However, the root growth of Ganpi 4 was stimulated by sodium carbonate （ Na2CO3 ） and sodium bicarbonate （ NaHCO3 ） at low concentrations, but was inhibited by them at high concentrations ; its root growth was completely inhibited by 100 mmol/L sodium carbonate （Na2CO3 ） or 200 mmol/L sodium bicarbonate （NaHCO3 ）. The intensity of the salt stress resulting from four kinds of single salts on barley germination potential, germination rate, root number, root length, root weight and salt injury index of stress was in the following order： alkaline salt （NaECO3, NaHCO3 ） 〉 neutral salt （Na2SO4 , NaCl） ; between two alkaline salts, Na2CO3 〉 NaHCO3 ; and between two neutral salts, Na2SO4 〉 NaCl. The impact of the four kinds of single salts on sprout length and weight displayed the following order： Na2CO3 〉 Na2SO4 〉 NaHCO3 〉 NaCl. Moreover, the salt stress had a greater inhibitory effect on the roots than on the sprout, and Ganpi 5 showed stronger tolerance to saline - alkaline stress than Ganpi 4.

关 键 词：大麦 盐胁迫 萌发 

分 类 号：S512.31[农业科学—作物学]