2012年云南省会泽县马铃薯晚疫病菌小种结构分析  

Race Structure of Phytophthora infestans Population Collected from Huize, Yunnan in 2012

作　　者：杨丽娜[1] 段国华[1] 覃雁瑜 祝雯[1] 潘哲超[2] 隋启君[2] 詹家绥[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学植物病毒所,福建福州350002 [2]云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2016年第1期158-163,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31071655);国家现代农业马铃薯产业技术体系(No.CARS);云南省应用基础研究计划项目(No.2013FZ152;No.2013FB091)

摘　　要：利用11个含有不同单显性（R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R10、R11）抗马铃薯晚疫病的鉴别寄主,对云南省会泽县村同一发病田块前、中、后期3个群体的马铃薯晚疫病菌59、158和75个菌株进行毒性频率和小种鉴定,分别鉴定出31、60和30个小种,大部分小种只检测到一次,其中优势小种为超级小种（含有11个毒性基因的晚疫病菌）,占整个群体的53.33%;随着发病时间的推移,优势小种频率、小种复杂度呈上升趋势,但小种多样性呈降低趋势,在马铃薯生育期间除了avr4外,其它毒性基因的频率未发生显著变化。实验结果表明云南省马铃薯晚疫病菌小种演化速度快,小种结构复杂,在该地区种植起源于Solanum demission的R1~R11抗性基因存在较高的失效风险。Race and virulence factor of 59, 158 and 75 Phytophthora infestans isolates sampled from early, middle and late stages of late blight epidemics respectively in a potato field located in Huize, Yunnan in 2012 evaluated on 11 potato differentials each carrying one of R1-Rll resistance genes. A total of 31, 60 and 31 races were found in the early-, middle-and late-epidemic season, respectively. Super-race able to induce the late blight disease on all 11 differentials dominated in all three collections, accounting for 53.33% of combined population, while most of other races were detected only once. Over the potato growing season, the frequency of the superrace and race complexity gradually increased while the race diversity decreased directionaly. Except avr4, no significant change in the frequency of virulence factors was detected over the single growing season. These results suggest a quick evolution of race structure and an increasing risk of major resistance breakdown in Yunnan.

关 键 词：马铃薯晚疫病菌 毒性基因 小种 进化 鉴别品种 病害防治 

分 类 号：S435.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]