广州典型生活性街谷的热环境实测研究  

Field Study on Thermal Environment of Typical Living Street Canyons in Guangzhou

作　　者：杜晓寒[1,2] 石玉蓉[1] 张宇峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院,亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室,广州510640 [2]安徽省建筑科学研究设计院,合肥230000

出　　处：《建筑科学》2015年第12期8-13,87,共7页Building Science

基　　金：亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2014Zc14)

摘　　要：本文选取广州典型生活性街谷在夏季典型日开展测试，分析街谷热环境的变化规律及影响因素。结果显示，在日间（6：00～18：00），东西向街谷平均值为：空气温度31．0℃，相对湿度74％，风速1．26m／s，MRT32．7℃，SET’34．1℃，南北向街谷平均值为：空气温度31．1℃，相对湿度73％，风速1．48m／s，MRT34．4℃，SET’34．0℃，南北与东西向街谷的空气温湿度、SET’相近，而风速和MRT存在差异。街谷气温的逐时变化呈现衰减和延迟特征。SVF是影响街谷内热环境分布的重要因素，SVF每增加0．1，MRT、空气温度和SET分别升高2．1℃、0．2℃和0．6℃。大高宽比、乔木绿化和良好通风是改善广州生活性街谷热环境的有效途径。街谷热环境受当地气候条件和所在地理纬度等因素影响，不同气候地区的研究结果不能简单类推。A field study on thermal environment of two typical living street canyons in Guangzhou in summer was carried out. Their changing patterns and influencing factors were analyzed. The results show that on average, the air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, MRT and SET＊ in the east-west street canyon between 6：00 and 18：00 were 31.0 ℃ , 74% , 1.26 m/s, 32.7 ℃ and 34.1 ℃ , respectively; and the values in the south-north street canyon during the same period were 31. I ℃ , 73% , I. 48 m/s, 34.4 ℃ and 34.0 ℃ , respectively. The values of air temperature, humidity and SET＊ were similar for both street canyons, but those of wind speed and MRT were different. Attenuation and delay were found in the time change of air temperature of the street canyons. SVF has a great effect on the distribution of thermal environment. As SVF increases by 0.1, MRT, air temperature and SET＊ rise by 2. 1 ℃ , 0. 2 ℃ , 0. 6 ℃ , respectively. The thermal environment of street canyon can be effectively improved by a bigger aspect ratio, more greening shading and better ventilation design. In addition, the study indicates that the thermal environment of street canyons are affected by local climate and geographic latitude, and the research results can＇ t be applied directly to different climates or regions.

关 键 词：生活性街谷 热环境 实测 天空角系数 平均辐射温度 标准有效温度 

分 类 号：TU119.4[建筑科学—建筑理论]