广州生活性街谷热环境数值模拟研究与设计  

Numerical Study and Design of Thermal Environment of Living Street Canyons in Guangzhou

作　　者：杜晓寒[1,2] 石玉蓉[1] 张宇峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院,亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室,广州510640 [2]安徽省建筑科学研究设计院,合肥230000

出　　处：《建筑科学》2015年第12期78-87,共10页Building Science

基　　金：亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2014Zc14)

摘　　要：针对广州生活性街谷,在实地调研基础上,开展街谷热环境的数值模拟正交试验。研究结果表明:早中晚三时段走向对街谷热环境的贡献率较大,其次为高宽比和绿化,表面铺装的贡献率最小;最优街谷走向为东南-西北走向,高宽比取大为好,建筑高度统一较高低均布好;绿化的贡献率早晚小,中午大,早晚绿化覆盖率取小为好,中午绿化覆盖率取大为好(尤指支路级街谷);南北走向在晚上优于东西走向,其他时间东西走向优于南北走向;高宽比和走向的交互作用对街谷热环境有影响,但影响不大。通过寻优得到街谷热环境最优设计方案,结果显示,最优方案为较大高宽比的东西-南北走向街谷,减少辐射得热和增大风速是街谷热环境优化的主要方面。以热不满意率≤36%为设计目标,结合实际定量给出广州生活性街谷的优选设计方案和优化设计建议。A numerical orthogonal experiment on the thermal environment of living street canyons in Guangzhou was conducted based on field research. The results show that the impact of orientation on the thermal environment is largest, followed by aspect ratio and greening, and surface pavement is smallest for the time periods of morning, noon and night. Thermal environment of the canyons with southeast-northwest orientation, large aspect ratio and uniform building height are better. The impact of greening is little in the morning and at night and bigger at noon. A bigger greening coverage ratio improves the thermal environment of street canyons with secondary trunk road all day and the thermal environment of street canyons with the branch road only at noon. The canyons of south-north orientation are worse than that of east-west in the morning and at noon but better at night. The interaction between aspect ratio and orientation has a significant but little effect on the thermal environment. The optimal street canyon design was obtained based on a bigger aspect ratio and southeast-northwest orientation, and it indicates that reducing the thermal radiation and increasing the wind velocity are two main techniques of optimization. Aiming at limiting the thermal dissatisfaction to the maximum 36% , the optimized design scheme and suggestions were put forward in a quantitative way.

关 键 词：生活性街谷 热环境 正交试验 标准有效温度 

分 类 号：TU119.4[建筑科学—建筑理论]