中国生态/环境“局部改善,总体恶化”困境的症结和走出  

Crux and Solutions to the Dilemma of “Partial Improvement & Overall Deterioration” on the Ecological Environment of China

作　　者：原华荣[1] 常跟应[2] 徐晓秋[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学中国西部发展研究院,杭州310058 [2]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [3]浙江科技学院经管学院,杭州310023

出　　处：《西北人口》2016年第1期26-31,37,共7页Northwest Population Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目<人口与资源环境关联演变和粮食安全研究>(项目编号:10BRK003)

摘　　要：中国生态/环境陷于"局部改善,总体恶化"的困境。人口—经济规模与环境冲击量和环境退化的时—空关联表明,规模扩张是"总体恶化"的症结,"总体恶化"是规模"强制"下从理论到实证的必然,和无技术解的规模问题。"局部改善,总体恶化"困境的走出,控制人口—经济规模,降低增长速度,消除过剩产能是必由之路和首要对策;坚持"保护第一"、"宜荒则荒",让土地"休养生息",强化"荒野保护",组建"流域共同体"等,则是"增加投入,强化管理,创新体制"不可或缺的重要举措。The ecological environment of China is caught in the dilemma of ＂partial improvement ＆ overall deterioration＂. Space- time relevance of population-economy scale,environmental impact and environmental degradation indicates that scale expansion is the dilemma of ＂overall deterioration＂. Under the force of the scale ,from theory to practice, ＂overall deterioration＂ is an inevitable scale problem without technical solutions. Solutions to the dilemma of ＂partial improvement ＆ overall deterioration＂ are to control the population- economy scale, reduce the growth rate and eliminate the excess capacity ,which is the essential method and prima- ry countermeasure; and to insist the principle of ＂first protection and keeping uncultivated land not suitable for cultivation＂ ,give the land time to rest ＆ rejuvenate itself, intensify the ＂wilderness protection＂ and construct the ＂valley community＂ is the indis- pensable important measure to ＂increase the investment, strengthen the management and form the innovation system＂.

关 键 词：中国生态/环境 “局部改善 总体恶化”困境 规模问题 技术的“软肋” 人口一经济规模控制 

分 类 号：C92-05[社会学—人口学]