不同种植年限设施番茄土壤理化性质变化规律的研究  

A Study of physicochemical properties variation in the surface soil of facilities tomatoes under different cultivation years

作　　者：李玉涛[1] 李博文[1] 马理 卢金海[1] 纪宏伟[1] 赵英男[1] 刘文菊[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定071000 [2]河北省永清县蔬菜管理局,河北永清065600

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2016年第1期63-68,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD15B02);华北集约化农区农业面源污染防控技术集成与示范(2012BAD15B02)

摘　　要：本研究采用田间调查和室内分析相结合的方法，以河北省廊坊市永清县设施蔬菜主产区不同年限的设施番茄土壤为研究对象，调查研究表层土壤（0～20cm）的理化性质变化规律，分析土壤理化性质变化规律与种植年限之间的关系。结果表明，表层土壤的pH值随着种植年限的延长呈先下降后上升的趋势，最高值为8．46，最低值为7．43；表层土壤EC值和年限呈一定的二次相关关系，其含量范围是0．12～1．25ms／cm；有机质的含量范围7．5％～36．8%，变异系数为31．3％；碱解氮含量为112～311mg／kg，变异系数为31．9％，碱解氮与种植年限没有明显的相关关系，土壤速效磷含量范围在3．72～290mg／kg，变异系数为70．0％，该变化与种植年限没有显著的相关关系；土壤速效钾含量为172～1744mg／kg，并随种植年限的延长呈先上升后降低的趋势；此外，表层土壤中的金属微量元素铁、锰、铜、锌均与种植年限呈显著的相关关系（Fe：r=-0．855，Mn：r=-0．533，Cu：r=-0．623，Zn：r=-0．841，n=27）。综上所述，该产区设施番茄土壤中不同养分指标和有效态微量元素随着年限的延长有不同程度的累积趋势，并存在着一定的土壤酸化和盐渍化现象。To investigate the variation rule of the physicochemical properties of surface soil （0-20cm） and to analyze the relationship between the variation rule and different cultivating years, the surface soil of facilities tomatoes under different cultivating years in the facilities vegetable area of Yongqing county in Hebei province were used as a research object, and the combined method of field invest sults showed that the pH value igation and indoor analysis were adopted in this study. The re- of the surface soil appeared to have an ascending trend after an initial decline with the extension of cultivating years, naving a maximum pH and a minimum value of 7.43. There was significant quadratic correlation between the EC value in the surface soil and cultivating years, and the range of its content was 0. 12-1.25ms/era. The organic matter content ranged from 7.5% to 36.8%, with a variation coefficient of 31.3%; the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content was 112-311 mg/kg, with a variation coefficient of 31.9 %. There was no obvious correlation between alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen and cultivating years. The content of available phosphorus in the soil changed from 3.72 to 290 mg/kg, with a variation coefficient of 70.0%. No significant correlation was found between this change and cultivating years. The content of available potassium in the soil changed from 172 to 1 744 mg/kg,which appeared to have a declining trend after an initial ascent with the extension of cultivating years. In addition, there was certain correlation between the metallic microelements like iron, manganese, copper, and zinc in the surface soil and cultivating years （Fe,r=-0. 855 ,Mn：r=-0. 533 ,Cu：r=-0.623,zinc：r=-0.841,n=27） In conclusion, different nutrient indices and effective-state trace elements in the surface soil of the facilities tomatoes had presented a cumulative tendency on different levels, and the phenomena of soil acidification and salinization were found in the study area.

关 键 词：番茄 种植年限 土壤养分 PH 

分 类 号：S151.93[农业科学—土壤学]