眼镜蛇神经毒素急性毒性试验  

Study on Acute Toxicity of Kebotai Neurotoxin

作　　者：吴宁[1] 张金娟[2] 熊英[2] 肖俊[3] 杨勤[4] 

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学生化与分子生物学教研室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州医科大学机能实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州医科大学物理教研室,贵州贵阳550025 [4]贵州医科大学病理生理学教研室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵阳医学院学报》2016年第1期57-59,66,共4页Journal of Guiyang Medical College

摘　　要：目的：观察眼镜蛇毒神经毒素（科博肽注射液）的急性毒性,为药物的临床安全使用提供依据。方法：选取3个批次的眼镜蛇毒神经毒素（样品1、2、3）,通过预实验设计各样品组数和剂量,分别给每组小鼠一次性肌肉注射相应批次和剂量的眼镜蛇毒神经毒素,观察给药后14 d内各受试小鼠的反应、死亡情况及主要脏器有无明显病理改变;Bliss法计算出各样品的半数致死量（LD50）及其95%可信限。结果：小鼠肌肉注射眼镜蛇毒神经毒素注射液后,部分小鼠从出现右后肢（给药侧）跛行,逐渐发展至全身肌张力降低,出现呼吸减慢,最后死亡,部分小鼠症状持续约2~6 h后开始缓解并逐渐恢复正常,尸检结果显示各脏器肉眼观察均未见明显异常;3个批次的眼镜蛇毒神经毒素经LD50及其95%的可信限分别为：样品1 LD50为202.097μg/kg,95%的可信限为174.358~234.249μg/kg;样品2 LD50为146.425μg/kg,95%的可信限为132.904~161.322μg/kg;样品3 LD50为160.726μg/kg,95%的可信限为138.863~186.030μg/kg。结论：眼镜蛇毒神经毒素注射液具有一定急性毒性,且其毒性作用可能主要累及肌肉神经系统。Objective： To investigate the acute toxicity of kebotai neurotoxin in order to provide guid- ance for clinical application of medicine. Methods： Mice were given 3 different batches of kebotai to test minimum total dead dose （Dm） and maximum total undead dose （Dn） for grouping and designing doses. 180 Kunming mouse were used in formal experiments. According to the designed groups in preexamination, 10 mice in each group were given disposable intramuscular injection of kebotai neurotoxin with corresponding batches and doses. Reaction and death conditions of mice within 14 days after injection were observed. Dead mice were dissected and pathological changes of major organs were ob- served by naked eyes. The number of dead mice in each group were calculated, Bliss method was used to calculate lethal median dose （LD50） and 95% confidence limits of samples. Results： After injection, right hind led （medication leg） lameness happened in some animals, then developed to whole body muscular tension decreased, breathing slow, and died; right hind led lameness appeared in some animals, then develop to whole body muscular tension decreased, in contrast, bradypnea were not observed, animals recovered after 2 to 6 hours. LD50 of 3 batches of kebotai injection samples were as follows： 202.097 μg/kg, 146. 425 μg/kg and 160.726 μg/kg;and the 95% confidence limits were 174.358 - 234. 249 μg/kg, 132. 904 - 161. 322 μg/kg and 138. 863 - 186. 030 μg/kg. Conclusion： Kebotai injection has a certain toxicity, and muscle and nerve system may be mainly involved in.

关 键 词：眼镜蛇神经毒素类 急性毒性试验 小鼠 注射 肌肉内 半数致死量 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]