提高普通大麦离体单倍体胚出苗率的研究  

STUDIES ON RAISING THE EMERGENCE RATE OF HAPLOID EMBRYOS CULTURED IN VITRO

作　　者：戎均康[1] 舒庆尧[1] 胡适全[1] 李国洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农业大学农学系

出　　处：《中国农业科学》1991年第6期33-38,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：本试验以普通大麦(Hordeum vulgare L,2n=2x=14)×球茎大麦(H.bulbo.sum L.2n=2x=14)产生的普通大麦单倍体胚为材料,研究了胚龄(胚大小)、基因型及B_5培养基中加不同物质对其高体培养时出苗的影响。结果表明:1.每升培养基加5克活性碳可以提高出苗率,四个供试基因型的提高幅度为7.2%-24.3%;2.最佳接种胚龄受温度等因素的影响,3月底至5月初温室条件下的最佳胚龄为14天左右,大田为17-19天或更长;3.培养基中加15-30mg/L多效唑(PP333)时,出苗率最高,但不同基因型有不同反应;4.不同基因型单倍体胚的出苗率有明显差异;5.培养基中加活性碳和PP333还可使苗生长健壮。因此,将适当胚龄的单倍体胚接种在B_5+5g/L活性碳+15-30mg/LPP333的培养基上,可以产生较高频率的单倍体苗。Haploid embryos from Hordeum vulgate (2n=2x=14)×H.bulbosum (2n=2x=were cultured in vitro in order to study the influence of embryo age (embryo size), genotype and different materals in B_5 medium on their emergence and germination. The results showed: (1) 5g/l active carbon added to B_5 medium could raise the emergence rate and the range of 4 genotypes was 7.2% to 25.6%. (2) Best culturing age of haploid embryo was influenced by temperature and other factors. From late March to early May, best culturing age was 14 days after pollination in greenhouse, 17-19 days or longer in the fields. (3) The emergence rate of haploid embryo on medium with 15-30 mg/lPP333 was the highest in PP333 concentration test, but the effect of PP333 was different among genotypes. (4) Emergence rate of different genotypes was obviously different. (5) Active carbon and PP333 added to B_5 medium could also make the haploid seedling stronger. To sum up, haploid embryo at suitable age cultured on B_5 medium with 5g/I active carbon and 15-30 mg/l PP333 could produce high-frequency haploid seedlings.

关 键 词：大麦 单倍体 出苗率 

分 类 号：S512.303.5[农业科学—作物学]