燃料油水溶液对牙鲆幼鱼的细胞毒性及DNA损伤  

Cytotoxicity and DNA damage of water-soluble fraction in fuel oil on juvenile Paralichthys olivaceus

作　　者：周庆婷[1,2] 夏斌[2] 孙雪梅[2] 马菲菲[2] 韩倩[2] 陈碧鹃[2] 唐学玺[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所农业部海洋渔业资源可持续发展重点实验室山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2016年第1期74-80,共7页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：农业部行业专项(2012-NZ-5739);山东省自然科学青年基金(ZR2010CQ023)

摘　　要：海洋溢油污染是当前世界各国普遍关注的环境问题之一,本实验以牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)幼鱼为受试生物,研究了低剂量燃料油水溶液暴露对牙鲆幼鱼肝脏和鳃组织中超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(Catalase,CAT)、过氧化物酶(Peroxidase,POD)、谷胱甘肽转硫酶(Glutathione S-transferase,GST)活性和脂质过氧化(Lipid peroxidation,LPO)水平、血细胞溶酶体膜稳定性的影响以及产生的DNA损伤。结果表明:(1)抗氧化酶活性及脂质过氧化水平对燃料油胁迫的响应存在明显的组织差异,且同一种酶活性在不同的时间对燃料油污染的响应也不同;(2)溶酶体膜稳定性随着燃料油浓度增大与实验时间的延长而降低(P<0.05),解除污染后低浓度组(0.001 mg/L)恢复至对照组水平(P>0.05),中(0.010 mg/L)、高(0.100 mg/L)浓度组则不能恢复至对照组水平(P<0.05);(3)燃料油暴露可使牙鲆血细胞DNA受到明显损伤,染毒第15 d,低浓度组组与中浓度组血细胞DNA损伤为中度损伤,高浓度组为重度损伤,解除污染6 d后,低浓度组与中浓度组组恢复至轻度损伤,高浓度组恢复至中度损伤。因此,燃料油污染会对牙鲆造成脂质过氧化损伤,影响血细胞溶酶体膜的稳定性,最终对生物产生遗传损伤。To investigate the toxic effects of fuel oil on marine fishes, the juvenile Paralichthys olivaceus was exposed to low concentrations of 180CST fuel oil aqueous solution. The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT） ,peroxidase （POD） and glutathione S-transferase （GST）,and the malondialdehyde （MDA） content in liver and gill, as well as the lysosomal membrane stability （LMS） of hemocyte were measured. In addition, DNA damage was determined using the comet assay. Results indicated that, antioxidant enzyme activities and MDA coutentin liver and gill of juvenile P. olivaceus had different responses to the stress of water-solution fraction in fuel oil. And activity of the single enzyme was also diverse at different time. Moreover, the LMS of hemocyte decreased significantly （P 〈 0. 05 ）with increasing exposure time and concentrations of fuel oil. After a 6-day recovery period, the LMS in 0. 001 mg/L concentration group restored to the control level （P 〉 0.05 ）, whereas they were still significantly lower （P 〈 0.05 ） in 0. 010 mg/Land 0. 100 mg/L concentration groups. A 15-day exposure period of fuel oil could cause moderate DNA damage in 0.001 mg/L and 0.010 mg/L concentration groups ,and serious DNA damage in 0. 100 mg/L concentration group. However,after a 6-day recovery period, DNA damage has been recovered but still significantly higher（ P 〈 0. 01 ）than control level. In conclusion, fuel oil exposure promoted the level of lipid peroxidation, reduced LMS of juvenile P. olivaceus, and eventually led to genetic toxicity.

关 键 词：燃料油 牙鲆 抗氧化酶 细胞毒性 溶酶体膜稳定性 DNA损伤 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]