海水淡化后水质特性及其硼、钙、镁和氟对健康的影响  

Characteristics of Boron,Calcium,Magnesium and Fluorine in Desalinated Seawater and their Health Effects

作　　者：杨曦[1] 杨晓雄[2] 秦宇[1] 陈曦[2] 路凯[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2015年第6期559-564,共6页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201305039-6);卫生公益性行业科研专项(201302004)

摘　　要：淡化海水中硼质量浓度水平高,钙、镁和氟的含量很低,长期饮用高硼水可能产生不良影响,且低浓度钙、镁、氟对身体健康不利。采用综述分析方法,对比国内外水质标准,探讨淡化水的重要水质指标及其对健康影响,建议我国海水淡化水中硼浓度限值为2.4 mg/L,钙、镁、氟浓度分别设定在10~30、20~50和0.5~1.0 mg/L范围内。海水淡化水质特性和标准有待进一步探索,应通过大量流行病学和实验研究进行验证和完善,保持我国海水淡化产业有序发展。The concentration of boron in desalinated seawater was high,and the level of calcium,magnesium and fluorine was very low; long- term consumption of high boron water might induce adverse effects,and the consumption of low calcium,magnesium and fluorine in water was harmful to the body. Literatures on domestic and international water quality standards and their development trend were reviewed in this paper to explore important indexes for the quality of desalinated seawater and its health effects. We suggested setting the upper limit concentration of boron in desalinated seawater at 2. 4 mg / L,and setting the range of calcium,magnesium and fluorine in desalinated seawater at 10 to 30,20 to 50 and 0. 5 to 1. 0 mg / L,respectively. The quality characteristics and standards for desalinated seawater need further exploration,which should be validated by a large number of epidemiological and experimental studies to keep a steady development of seawater desalination industry in China.

关 键 词：海水淡化 水质特性 健康影响 标准 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]