2011-2013年广州地区腹泻病毒的病原学研究  

Etiological study on diarrhea virus in Guangzhou area from 2011 to 2013

作　　者：洪展桐[1,2] 徐霖[3,4,5] 钟慧玲[1,3] 张素粉[1,3] 罗虹娇 庹玖玲 张甜[1,3] 曹开源[1,3,4,5] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学临床检验标准化研究中心,广东广州510080 [2]佛山市妇幼保健院,广东佛山528000 [3]中山大学中山医学院微生物教研室,广东广州510080 [4]中山大学热带病防治研究教育部重点实验室,广东广州510080 [5]广东省重大传染病预防和控制中心,广东广州510080

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2015年第12期1679-1682,共4页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：国家重大传染病防治科技重大项目(2012ZX10004-213)

摘　　要：目的调查2011-2013年广州地区7种主要腹泻病毒的流行状况和特点。方法收集2011-2013年广州地区腹泻患者粪便标本1 587份,采用ELISA检测粪便标本中A组轮状病毒抗原,用荧光定量RT-PCR的方法对采集的粪便标本进行6种病毒核酸检测,结合病人的临床资料进行病原学特征分析。结果 1 587份粪便标本中571例检出为腹泻病毒阳性,检出率为35.98%,主要腹泻病毒的检出率分别为：A组轮状病毒18.15%（288/1 587）、诺如病毒12.10%（192/1 587）、腺病毒6.87%（109/1 587）、星状病毒1.83%（29/1 587）、札如病毒0.69%（11/1 587）、B组轮状病毒0.25%和C组0.19%;腹泻病毒在1~岁婴幼儿和75~93岁老人腹泻病毒的总检出率最高,分别为57.57%和51.65%,在7~15岁少年检出率降到最低24.36%;〈3岁婴幼儿、3~74岁人群、75~93岁老人组检出率分别为43.62%、30.66%、51.56%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;男女检出率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;腹泻病毒全年均可检出,夏季以诺如病毒感染为主而秋冬季以A组轮状病毒感染为主。结论 2011-2013年间广州地区腹泻病毒发病率较高,全年均有检出;发病率无性别差异;流行高峰出现在3月份;3岁以下幼儿和75岁以上老人是腹泻病毒监测的重点人群。Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics of 7 main diarrhea viruses in Guangzhou area from 2011 to 2013. Methods 1587 stool samples were collected from diarrhea patients of Guangzhou area during 2011 to 2013. Group A rotavirus antigen was detected by ELISA;the other virus were detected by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. Clinical information of the patients were collected and analyzed. Results Among 1 587 samples,571 cases were infected with diarrhea virus,with the relative positive rate of 35.98%. The detection rates for group A rotavirus,norovirus,adenovirus,astroviruses,sapovirus,group B rotavirus and group C rotavirus were 18.15%（288/1 587）,12.10%（192/1 587）,6.87%（109/1 587）,1.83%（29/1 587）,0.69%（11/1 587）,0.25% and 0.19%,respectively. Infants under 1 year old and the elderly people were more sensitive for diarrhea virus infection,while people from 7 to 14 years old has the lowest infected rate. The infection rate（24.36%） has no significant difference between male and female（P0.05）.Diarrhea virus can be detected during the whole year. Norovirus infection was mostly in summer,while group A rotavirus was in autumn and winter. Conclusions The infection rate of diarrhea virus in Guangzhou from 2011 to 2013 was high and could be detected during the whole year. The infection rate had no significant difference between male and female. The epidemic peak was reached in March. Children under three years old and elderly people over 75 years old were the focus groups for diarrhea virus surveillance.

关 键 词：腹泻病毒 病毒性腹泻 病原学 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]