2011-2013年广州地区发热呼吸道感染患者的人流感病毒监测及其亚型的流行特征分析  

Analysis on the epidemic characteristics of influenza in Guangzhou from 2011 to 2013

作　　者：陈敏静[1,2] 徐霖[3,4,5] 钟慧玲[1,3] 张素粉[1,3] 罗虹娇 庹玖玲 张甜[1,3] 曹开源[1,3,4,5] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学临床检验标准化研究中心,广东广州510080 [2]广东省人民医院(广东省医学科学院)病理医学部检验科,广东广州510080 [3]中山大学中山医学院微生物教研室,广东广州510080 [4]中山大学热带病防治研究教育部重点实验室,广东广州510080 [5]广东省重大传染病预防和控制中心,广东广州510080

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2015年第12期1683-1686,共4页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：国家重大传染病防治科技重大项目(2012ZX10004-213)

摘　　要：目的了解2011-2013年广州地区发热呼吸道症候群患者的人流感病毒及其亚型流行特征。方法收集广州市2011-2013年5家哨点医院共2 085例发热同时伴随有呼吸道感染症状病人的咽拭子标本及相关临床信息,对人流感病毒进行筛查,并结合临床信息,分析其流行特征。结果 2011-2013年收集到的2 085份样本中237例经普通PCR检测为人流感病毒阳性,检出率为11.4%,其中人流感病毒甲型和乙型阳性的标本分别为202例和35例（阳性率分别为9.68%和1.68%）,以甲型流感为主;人流感病毒阳性率最高组别为学生（大中小学生）组,就诊率最高科室为儿科;男女比例1.34：1,性别发病率差异无统计学意义;亚型流行高峰呈不均匀分布,其中流感病毒甲型发病高峰为3-5月;流感病毒乙型分布较为分散;广州地区人流感病毒是以0~岁组、7~岁组及18~39岁年龄组易感,各年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义;广州地区甲型流感病毒也是以18~39岁组高发,各年龄组发病率差异无统计学意义;乙型感染则以7~17岁组发病率最高。结论 2011-2013年广州并未暴发大型的人流感病毒疫情,人流感病毒以甲型流感为主,乙型流感也有散发,未发现丙型流感病毒感染;流行高峰出现在3-5月,18~39岁年龄组发病率最高。Objective To investigate the prevalence and epidemic characteristics of influenza in Guangzhou from 2011 to 2013,and lay the foundation for a further understanding of human influenza virus. Methods A total of 2085 throat swab specimens of patients with respiratory tract virus infection and relevant clinical information were collected from 2011 to 2013 in Guangzhou. Multiplex PCR was used to detect the human influenza virus and its subtypes. Results Among all specimens,237 patients were infected with human influenza virus during 2011 to 2013,with a positive rate of 11.4%. The human influenza virus A and B positive samples were 202 and 35,respectively,with a positive rate of respectively 9.68% and 1.68%. The student group including primarily,secondary and university students had the highest influenza positive rate;pediatric department of clinics had the highest attendant rate;the male to female ratio was 1.34：1,no significant difference. Most of the positive samples were type A influenza virus. Type A influenza virus had its peak circulation in spring（March-May）;Influenza B virus was more scattered throughout the year. In Guangzhou the age groups susceptible to human influenza virus infection were 0~6 year-old,7~17 year-old and the 18~39 year-old;the incidences of different each age group was significantly different. The highest incidence of Influenza A virus infection was also occurred in 18~39 year-old age group,but the incidence of influenza A infection had no significant differences among different age groups. The highest incidence of influenza B virus infection was occurred in the 7~17 year-old age group. Conclusions 2011-2013 Guangzhou had no large-scale of human influenza outbreaks. The human influenza was mainly human influenza A virus infection,and was sporadically cause by influenza B. There was no infection caused by influenza C virus. Epidemic peaked in March to May,and the 18 to 39-year-old age group had the highest incidence.

关 键 词：呼吸道感染 人流感病毒 流行病学调查 

分 类 号：R373.13[医药卫生—病原生物学]