淮河干流突发性水污染事故预测模拟研究  

Study on Prediction of Accidental Water Pollution for Mainstream of Huaihe River

作　　者：吴辉明[1,2] 雷晓辉[2] 廖卫红[2] 许浩[1,2] 王浩[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100124 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《人民黄河》2016年第1期75-78,84,共5页Yellow River

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2012ZX07205);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAB05B05);国家"973"计划课题(2013CB036406)

摘　　要：河流水环境突发污染事故会对下游城市供水安全造成严重威胁。根据已有水下地形、水文数据,考虑入流、分水、下泄流量综合条件下典型断面水位及流量变化情况,并与实测数据进行对比验证,建立了淮河干流水动力模型。模拟计算某河段突发水污染事故后,采取分别加大污染河段南部支流史河来水20、40 m3/s的引水冲污应急措施时,污染云团沿程各个时刻的变化情况,定量预测污染云团峰值、纵向离散长度和影响范围。结果表明:通过引水冲污,经过河流自身的净化及清洁来水的稀释,污染物浓度峰值得到一定程度的消减,同时污染云团的移动速度加快;随着时间的推移,污染物整体浓度降低,污染云团纵向长度增大;加大流量越大,污染物整体浓度下降越明显。Emergency pollution accident in rivers have become serious threatens to urban water supply security on the downstream river. In this paper,according to the existing underwater topography,hydrological data,inflow and water discharge,analyzed the integrated typical sections under the conditions of water level and flow rate changes,and compared with the measured data validation to establish a Huaihe River hydrodynamic model. After the sudden water pollution accidents to compare the pollution of the river south tributary Shihe River water20 m3/ s and 40 m3/ s water washout pollution emergency measures,for example pollution clouds along the changes every moment,quantitative forecasting pollution clouds peak,longitudinal dispersion length and scope. The results show that by the water washout pollution,after its transfer diffusion and clean water dilution,pollutants concentration peak for a certain degree of reduction,and pollution clouds move speed is accelerated; with the passage of time,the concentration of pollutants overall low,pollution clouds longitudinal length; the pollutant concentration is decreasing,the greater the discharge is more obvious.

关 键 词：突发性水污染事故 降解系数 水质预警模型 淮河流域 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]