JC162对黄土坡面片蚀过程的影响研究  

Impact of JC162 on Sheet Erosion Processes in Loess Hillslope

作　　者：张庆玮 王占礼[1,2] 刘俊娥[3] 焦念[4] 申楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,陕西西安710119 [4]黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站,甘肃西峰745000

出　　处：《人民黄河》2016年第1期93-97,共5页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41471230;41171227;40971172);中国科学院重点项目(KZZD-EW-04-03);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(GK201503059)

摘　　要：为探明天然高分子多肽衍生物JC162对黄土坡面片蚀过程的影响,通过室内人工模拟降雨试验,对土壤表面撒施不同剂量JC162条件下的黄土坡面片蚀产流产沙过程进行了研究,并探讨其合理施用量。结果表明:JC162可以延迟坡面径流的产生时间,其减流和减沙效应明显;在试验条件下,总径流量较裸土减少13%~73%,总产沙量较裸土减少42%~70%。JC162可显著提高土壤中粒径大于0.25 mm水稳性团聚体含量,施加量越大,团聚体含量越高,当施加量为3 g/m^2和5 g/m^2时,JC162对土壤团聚体的改善效果比较接近。试验条件下,JC162调控坡面片蚀过程的最佳施用量为3.8 g/m^2左右,既可以最大程度降低片蚀产沙总量,又对径流含沙量具有良好的控制效果。In order to explore the impacts of JC162,a new kind of macromolecular compound on sheet erosion processes in loess hillslope,indoor simulated rainfall experiments were conducted to investigate the runoff and sheet erosion response of loess hillslope under different application rates of JC162. Optimal application rate of JC162 was discussed accordingly. The results show that the occurrence of surface runoff over the slope is delayed by JC162,and runoff and sediment reductions are significantly great. Compared with bare slope,the total runoff reduces by 13%-73% and total sediment export decreases 42%-70% under experimental conditions. In addition,the content of water stable aggregate with particle size greater than 0. 25 mm significantly increases; generally,the higher rate of JC162 is applied,the greater content of water stable aggregate will be. Moreover,no significant difference is found between the application rate of 3 g / m2 and 5 g / m2 in improving the condition of water stable aggregate. Finally,the optimal application rate of JC162 in controlling the process of sheet erosion is about 3. 8g / m2,which is deduced from the empirical equation obtained under experimental conditions. The total sediment export by sheet erosion will be greatly reduced and the sediment concentration in runoff will be effectively controlled when the application rate of JC162 reaches to 3. 8g / m2. However,more research should be conducted to confirm the utility of JC162 in controlling sheet erosion,due to the limited scope of current study.

关 键 词：JC162 土壤团聚体 片蚀 产流产沙 黄土坡面 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]