低压孔口式膜灌袋水力特性研究  

Study on Hydraulic Characteristics of Low Pressure Bag Filling Orifice Type Membrane

作　　者：温随群[1] 王国辉[2] 张泽中[3] 齐青青[2] 

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学外国语学院,河南郑州450045 [2]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450045 [3]华北水利水电大学黄河科学研究院,河南郑州450045

出　　处：《人民黄河》2016年第2期145-148,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划专项(122102110050);华北水利水电大学青年科技人才基金资助项目(70500)

摘　　要：为了提高灌水效率,实现高效节水目的,提出一种基于蓄水于袋理念的灌溉技术。通过自制试验装置在0.3 m低压水头下对不同规格的膜袋进行出流试验,运用水力学原理,对水头损失、沿程孔口出流量的变化进行研究,并对灌水器制作精度及灌水均匀度进行分析。研究表明:孔距相同时,孔径为0.6 mm的膜袋水头损失大于孔径0.5 mm的;孔径相同时,孔距为30 cm和40 cm的水头损失基本相同。孔距相同时,孔径0.6 mm膜灌袋的孔口平均流量均大于孔径0.5mm的;孔径相同时,孔距40 cm膜袋的孔口平均流量均大于孔距30 cm的。试验处理条件下的孔口制作偏差均小于等于0.10,优良率为100%,满足灌水器质量标准。孔距30 cm和40 cm、孔径0.5 mm和0.6 mm的4种规格膜袋灌水均匀度均在80%以上,属于高均匀度节水灌溉技术。In order to improve the efficiency of irrigation, to achieve efficient purpose of water saving, it put forward a kind of water in irrigation technology based on the concept of film?bag. In this article, through self?made testing apparatus under 0.3 m low pressure head at the different types of film?bag out flow experiments, by using the principles of the hydraulics and the head loss, it researched the outflow change along the orifice and analyzed the emitter manufacture precision and irrigation uniformity. The research result shows that when the hole distance is the same, aperture 0.6 mm film bag filling head loss is greater than the pore size of 0.5 mm;when the aperture is the same, the head loss of 30 cm hole spacing and 40 cm are basically the same. When the hole distance is the same, the average orifice flow aperture 0.6 mm film bag filling is larger than the aperture of 0.5mm;when the aperture is the same, the average orifice flow hole distance 40cm film bag filling is larger than the hole distance 30cm.Orifice to make deviation is less than or equal to 0.10 under the condition of test process, the excellent and good rate is 100%, meeting emitter quality standards. Four kinds of specifications models of spacing 30cm and 40cm, aperture 0.5mm and 0.6mm pitch of holes of the film bag filling irrigation uniformity are more than 80%, belonging to high uniformity of water?saving irrigation technology.

关 键 词：低压灌溉 孔口式膜袋灌 水力特性 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程]