城市暴雨内涝灾害居民避难行为研究  

Study on Resident Evacuation Behaviors in Urban Rainstorm Waterlogging Disasters

作　　者：陈鹏[1] 张继权[2] 张立峰[1] 孙滢悦[1] 刘晓静[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学旅游与地理科学学院,吉林四平136000 [2]东北师范大学环境学院,吉林长春130117

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2016年第1期100-105,共6页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41501557;41371495);国家科技支撑计划课题项目(2013BAK05B01;2013BAK05B02);四平市社会科学基金项目(201402);吉林省科技厅项目(20150520081JH);四平市科技局项目(2014059)

摘　　要：城市暴雨内涝灾害发生频率与强度越来越大,给城市居民生命和财产造成严重威胁。选取居民避难主观意识、避难行为态度、避难自我效能、避难演练、避难意向5个变量,利用结构方程模型综合构建城市暴雨内涝灾害居民避难行为理论模型,分析居民避难行为的影响因素以及各影响因素与避难行为间是否存在显著关系,同时构建居民避难行为影响因素间的路径关系,分析变量间的作用效果,并通过实证研究对模型的适配度进行校验。结果表明:居民避难主观意识、避难行为态度、避难自我效能对避难意向有积极作用,且避难意向在各变量对居民避难行为的影响过程中起着显著的中介作用;居民避难主观意识对避难演练的实施有着显著的作用,且在居民避难主观意识与避难行为作用的过程中起显著的中介作用。该研究结果可为城市居民防灾避难提供决策依据。A great threat has been posed on urban life and property by more frequent and intense urban rain storm. This paper selects five variables, including subjective consciousness, behavior and attitude, self-effi- cacy, drills and intention of resident evacuation,and uses the structural equation model to build a compre- hensive theoretical model of resident evacuation behaviors in urban rainstorm waterlogging disasters. Then the paper analyzes the affecting factors of resident evacuation behaviors and if there is significant relation- ship between the affecting factors and evacuation behaviors, meanwhile constructing the route relationship of these factors to explore the effects between variables through empirical research and verification,the pa- per obtains a theoretical model with a good fit level of theoretical models. The results indicate that the sub- jective consciousness,behavior and attitude, self-efficacy of evacuation have positive effects on evacuation intention,and intention evacuation plays a significant intermediary role in the process of these variables af- fecting the resident evacuation behaviors. Resident subjective consciousness has a significant effect on the implementation of evacuation drills,and plays a remarkable intermediary role in the process of subjective consciousness affecting behaviors of the resident evacuation. These results can provide a decision-making basis for disaster prevention and evacuation of urban residents.

关 键 词：城市暴雨 内涝灾害 避难行为 结构方程 路径分析 

分 类 号：X92[环境科学与工程—安全科学]