基于TLNET的长输油管道瞬变泄漏模拟与分析  

Simulation and Analysis of Transient Leakage for Long Distance Oil Pipelines Based on TLNET

作　　者：佟淑娇[1] 吴宗之 王如君[1] 多英全[1] 王天瑜[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国安全生产科学研究院重大危险源监控与事故应急技术国家安全监管总局安全生产重点实验室,北京100012 [2]国家安全生产监督管理局,北京100012 [3]中国矿业大学(北京)资源与安全工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2016年第1期128-132,139,共6页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAK16B03);中国安全生产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2015JBKY04)

摘　　要：管道泄漏量的大小是管道事故防控、风险评价、以及应急响应的关键因素。在长输油管道生产过程中,瞬变流动普遍存在,尤其是管道泄漏后油品瞬变流动更加显著,相比稳态流动复杂得多。当前以稳态模型计算管道泄漏量的方法精度较低。在深入研究长输油管道瞬变流动规律的基础上,建立了长输油管道瞬变流动的数学模型,并利用TLNET液体管道仿真模拟软件对长输油管道瞬变泄漏过程进行了模拟和分析研究。根据某长输原油管道泄漏爆炸事故调查报告及管道瞬变泄漏模型,通过建立事故管道的TLNET仿真模型,计算和分析了不同泄漏阶段的泄漏持续时间和原油泄漏量:第一阶段泄漏时间为13min,阶段原油泄漏量为134.97m3;第二阶段泄漏持续时间共55 min,阶段原油泄漏量为313.96 m3;第三阶段泄漏持续时间为425 min,阶段原油泄漏量为1 855.96m3。最后,提出了一些防控长输管道事故的对策和建议。研究结果表明基于瞬变模型的TLNET技术可精确计算管道泄漏量,为长输管道泄漏事故防控和应急决策提供科学依据。Leakage amount is the key {actor to accident prevention and control, quantitative risk assess- ment, and emergency response of long distance oil pipelines. Compared with the steady flow, researchers have found that the transient flow is much more general and complex during the operation of the actual long distance oil pipelines. Especially, once a pipeline leaks, oil flow in the pipeline is a typical transient flow. At present, most of the researches are still prone to evaluate the leakage amount and risk of the long distance pipeline in accordance with the steady-state model. But the accuracy of the leakage amount result acquired by steady model is not high. Based on the study of transient flow law, this paper establishes the mathematical model of the transient flow and the leakage simulation process of the long oil pipelines to study the transient leakage of the long oil pipelines. And then, according to the report of a long distance crude oil pipeline leakage accident, as well as the mathematical model of the transient flow, the paper builds the leakage simulation model of the oil pipeline based on the TLNET simulation software, and ana- lyzes and calculates the leakage duration and amount of the leaked oil in different stages. The leakage dura-tion in the first stage is 13 minutes and the leakage amount of oil is 134.97 m^3 ; 55 minutes and 313.96 ma in the second stage; and 425 minutes and 1 855.96 m^3 in the third stage. Last, the paper proposes some recommendations to prevent and control the long distance pipelines leakage accidents. The study results show that the TLNET technology based on transient model can improve the accuracy of leakage amount calculation and it develops a new way to the precaution and emergency of the long oil pipelines.

关 键 词：长输油管道 瞬变泄漏模型 TLNET 泄漏 

分 类 号：X928[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X937