“君主镜鉴”还是“修养小说”?——从体裁史角度看维兰德小说《金镜》对《赵氏孤儿》的接受  

C.M.Wieland's Appropriation of The Orphan of the House Zhao in His Novel The Golden Mirror:A Study from the Perspective of Genre

作　　者：邓深[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学外国语言文学系,北京100084

出　　处：《外国文学》2016年第1期140-149,共10页Foreign Literature

摘　　要：元杂剧《赵氏孤儿》作为18世纪传入欧洲的中国戏剧,在当时欧洲知识文化界产生了广泛影响。在18世纪德语文学作品当中,接受并化用"赵孤"题材的一个例子,是克里斯托弗·马丁·维兰德的小说《金镜》。本文试图从维兰德小说的文学形式入手,从体裁史角度考查《金镜》中"梯方成长故事"所体现的"君主镜鉴"与"修养小说"两种文学体裁的特征,并发掘这两种体裁传统在"梯方成长故事"中此消彼长的张力关系,以及由此折射出的18世纪下半叶德国文学的个体化与市民化倾向;以此为基础,进而分析"赵孤"题材在"梯方成长故事"中与以上两种文学体裁传统的具体结合方式,为研究维兰德对于《赵氏孤儿》的接受提供新视角。The Chinese drama The Orphan of the House Zhao produced in Yuan Dy- nasty was introduced to Europe in the 18th century and became well-known among the European intellectuals of the time. The German writer Christoph Martin Wieland draws on the story of this drama in creating his own novel The Golden Mirror （1772/1794）. From the perspective of genre, this paper focuses on the genre characteristics of ＂Tifan＇s educational story＂ of the novel and argues that this story demonstrates the genre characteristics of both the ＂F/irstenspiegel＂ and the ＂Bildungsroman.＂ The oppositional relationship between these two genres in this story reflects the trends of going individualistic and bourgeois in the German literature of the late 18th century. In addition, this paper tries to demonstrate how the motifs from the Chinese drama are related to the genre traditions of ＂Furstenspiegel＂ and ＂Bildungsroman＂ in ＂Tifan＇s educational story.＂

关 键 词：维兰德 《金镜》 《赵氏孤儿》 君主镜鉴 修养小说 体裁史 

分 类 号：I561[文学—其他各国文学]