上海地区重引入獐野放后的活动规律  

The Activity Pattern of Reintroduced Chinese Water Deer(Hydropotes inermis) after Release in Shanghai, China

作　　者：何鑫[1,2] 裴恩乐 袁晓 徐桂林 沈国平 张恩迪[1,2] 蔡锋 陈珉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200062 [2]上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室,上海200062 [3]上海市野生动植物保护管理站,上海200023 [4]上海市松江区林业站,上海201600

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2016年第1期1-13,共13页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31401985);上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(沪农科攻字(2007)第3-6号);浦东新区科技发展基金项目(No.PKJ2006-N06)

摘　　要：野生动物的规律性活动受外界环境和内在生理机制的共同作用,对野生动物的活动规律进行研究是实施科学保护的基础。本文采用无线电遥测技术对重引入上海松江浦南林地和上海滨江森林公园的6只獐（Hydropotes inermis）的活动规律、强度和节律进行了研究,并分析了人为活动对獐活动规律的影响。松江浦南林地3只野放獐的活动强度平均为144.88 m/h,昼间活动强度略低于夜间,从夏季到次年春季活动强度依次降低,春季显著低于其他季节。獐在松江浦南林地每日清晨（5：00~8：00时）和黄昏后（18：00~21：00时）出现活动高峰,午后（13：00~15：00时）存在小活动高峰,只有秋季存在凌晨活动小高峰,夏季和秋季的晨昏型活动节律明显。上海滨江森林公园的3只野放獐活动强度平均为69.90 m/h,昼间活动强度略高于夜间,冬季活动强度显著高于春季。獐在上海滨江森林公园并未表现出明显的晨昏型活动节律,活动高峰出现在接近正午时段（9：00~11：00时）,尤其是冬季的雄性。人工投食、游客干扰等人为活动已经对野放獐的活动规律产生了影响。The activity pattern of wild animals is influenced by both the external environment and the internal physiological mechanism and it is basic information for the scientific conservation. Daily activity rhythm and activity intensity of six reintroduced Chinese water deer（Hydropotes inermis） have been studied by radio-telemetry in Songjiang Punan Woodland and Shanghai Binjiang Forest Park. Individuals were located on foot. by radio tracking technique. Movement of each individual was processed by Locate Ⅲ and Arc GIS Map 9.2. We analyzed the impact of human activities on the activity pattern of the deer. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of data and Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the mean activity intensity of individuals in the day and night between seasons In Songjiang Punan Woodland, the average activity intensity of the three deer was 144.88 m/h. The deer was slightly more active in the daytime than they did at night. The deer decreased their activity from summer to the next spring（Table 1）. In the spring the deer moved significantly less distance than they did in any other seasons by the results of Mann-Whitney U test. The deer were most active in June and least active in March（Fig. 1）. The mean activity intensity for each deer also decreased from June to March（Fig. 2）. Two obvious activity peaks were found in the morning（5：00﹣8：00） and evening（18：00﹣21：00）. Another small active peak was found during（13：00﹣15：00）（Fig. 3 and Fig. 4） in the autumn. The deer showed a crepuscular behavior in summer and autumn（Fig. 5）. In Shanghai Binjiang Forest Park, the average activity intensity of 3 three deer was 69.90 m/h and the deer were slightly less active in the daytime than they did at the night（Table 2）. The deer moved more in the winter than they did in they spring and decreased the movement from December to May（Fig. 6 and Fig. 7）. The deer didn′t show a crepuscular behaviour（Fig. 8） and their activity peak was only foun

关 键 词：獐 重引入 活动强度 活动节律 无线电遥测 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]