斜带石斑鱼(♀)×鞍带石斑鱼(♂)杂交子代(青龙斑)消化系统的早期发育  

Post-embryonic Development of the Digestive System in Qinglong Grouper(Epinephelus coioides ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂)

作　　者：李加儿[1] 吴水清[1,2] 区又君[1] 吕国敏[1] 刘江华[1,2] 温久福[1] 王鹏飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2016年第1期73-83,共11页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项(No.B201101B04);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(No.2012A 0703);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(No.2012TS30;2012TS31)

摘　　要：本文研究斜带石斑鱼（Epinephelus coioides）（♀）×鞍带石斑鱼（E.lanceolatus）（♂）杂交子代（青龙斑）仔、稚、幼鱼的消化系统发育,描述了其消化器官发育过程和组织学结构特征,充实青龙斑生物学研究文库,为其发育生物学研究和苗种培育提供技术支撑。青龙斑苗种培育于2012年6~8月期间进行。水温为（30±1）℃,盐度为28±1。利用形态学和连续组织切片技术,对出膜后0~40日龄幼鱼的消化系统进行了观察和研究。消化系统发育可划分为内源性营养、混合营养和外源性营养3个阶段：0至3日龄为内源性营养阶段,初孵仔鱼消化管为一简单的直形管,卵黄囊大,椭圆形,口和肛门尚未与外界相通;口腔中出现鳃弓的雏形,3日龄仔鱼食道由2~3层的复层立方上皮细胞组成,形成较低的褶皱;胃与小肠和食道的分界明显,上皮由单层柱状细胞组成;肠道分化,肛门开通体外,开始摄食;肝细胞团和胰腺细胞团形成。4~5日龄为混合营养阶段,6日龄之后进入外源性营养阶段,卵黄囊已经完全被吸收,前、中、后肠和直肠区分明显,肠黏膜上皮中出现少量的杯状细胞,由肠腔面向深层依次可以分为黏膜层、黏膜下层和浆膜层,肌层不明显。至25日龄,消化系统的结构和功能已经较为完善。38日龄时,胃、幽门盲囊、肠以及直肠各段分界明显,黏膜褶皱高度为前肠〉中肠〉后肠;肌层厚度为后肠〉前肠〉中肠;消化道和消化腺组织结构与成鱼基本相同。青龙斑的消化系统发育和分化是与其生理功能的逐步完善同步的。The histology of post-embryonic development of the digestive system in Qinglong grouper（Epinephelus coioides ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂） was studied and the developmental processes of digestive organs and their structures were described. Experiment was conduced in a rearing tank in Shenzhen Experimental Base of South China Sea Fisheries Institute from June to August, 2012. The water temperature and salinity were maintained at 30 ± 1℃ and 28 ± 1, respectively throughout the experiment. A total of 15﹣20 samples were collected daily from newly hatched to 15 DAH, and every two days after that up to 40 DAH. The morphological and histological techniques were used to investigate the development of digestive system from newly hatched to 40 days after hatching（DAH）.Results showed that the development of digestive system in Qinglong grouper（PlateⅠ） could be divided into three stages. The endogenous vegetative stage（0﹣3 DAH） showed a simple straight digestive track and a big yolk sac shaped in ellipse. The mouth and anus did not open, original gill arch appeared, and esophagus had 2﹣3 layers of cubical epithelium at 3DAH, forming lower folds. The mixed vegetative stage was from 4 to 5 DAH. Definite boundary could be observed among stomach, small intestine and esophagus, which were composed of simple layer of cubical epithelium. Intestine differentiated, anus opened, and began to feed. Cell groups of both liver and pancreases formed. In the exotrophic stage（after 6 DAH）, the yolk sac was completely absorbed, definite boundary could be observed among foregut, midgut, hindgut and rectum, a few goblet cells were found in the epithelium of intestinal mucosa, the histological structure was composed of mucosa, submucosa and serosa, from the outside to the inside, and muscularis was not obvious. The structure and function of the digestive system became perfect at 25 DAH. Definite boundary could be observed among stomach, pyloric caeca and sections intestine（PlateⅡ）. The heights of folds in mucos

关 键 词：斜带石斑鱼 鞍带石斑鱼 杂交子代 消化道 发育 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]