国产CCF300碳纤维单向织物液体成型工艺性及其复合材料力学性能  

Processability of domestic CCF300 carbon fiber unidirectional fabrics for liquid molding and mechanical properties of their composites

作　　者：张嘉阳 刘刚[2] 李龙[1] 包建文[2] 肇研[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083 [2]中航工业复合材料技术中心北京航空材料研究院先进复合材料重点实验室,北京100095

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2016年第1期17-26,共10页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51203144)

摘　　要：选取国产碳纤维CCF300所制备的2种单向织物,单向无纬织物U3160及单向无屈曲织物KUC160,分别对其预成型体进行压缩特性和渗透特性测试,以研究2种单向织物的液体成型工艺性,并采用树脂传递模塑(RTM)工艺制备2种单向织物/双马来酰亚胺树脂基复合材料,测试并对比其面内力学性能。结果表明:预成型体压缩试验中,嵌套效应受压力及织物层数影响较大,压力越高、层数越多,嵌套效应越显著。U3160织物的嵌套效应较KUC160织物更为明显,在较高压力下,KUC160织物预成型体的纤维体积分数较U3160织物的下降了约20%。渗透率测试结果表明:相比U3160织物,KUC160织物0°方向的渗透率较高,而90°方向的渗透率有所降低;这是由于经编线的绑缚作用能促进0°方向的宏观流动,而阻碍90°方向的微观渗透。此外,KUC160织物的经编线与U3160织物的纬向纱线的导流作用也对渗透率有影响。力学性能试验结果表明:相比U3160织物增强复合材料,KUC160织物增强复合材料0°方向的拉伸、弯曲和压缩性能均有所下降,拉伸强度和弯曲模量降幅最大,分别约为11%和21%;而层间剪切强度有小幅提高,增幅约为8%。Aiming to develop the process ability of liquid molding on two kinds of unidirectional fabric, compressi- bility and permeability tests were carried out on preform by two types of unidirectional fabric made of domestic CCF300 carbon fibers plain unidirectional fabric U3160 and uniaxial non-crimp fabric KUC160. Two types of unidi- rectional fabric/bismaleimide resin composites were fabricated with resin transfer molding （RTM） processes, and in plane mechanical properties of the composites were investigated and compared. It is found that the nesting effect during the preform compression test is influenced by the pressure and number of the fabric layers. The nesting effect is increased with the increase of pressure and the number of the layer. U3160 fabric displays more noticeable nesting effect than that of KUC160 fabric. Hence, the fiber volume fraction of KUC160 fabric preforms is about 20% lower than that of U3160 fabric preforms under high pressure. The permeability test results show that KUC160 has a higher permeability along the 0° direction than that of U3160 fabric, while the permeability perpendicular to the fi- bers of KUC160 fabric is lower than that of U3160 fabric. It may be attributed to that the binding effect of stitching yarns enhances the macro-flowing along the 0° direction, but weakens the micro-infiltration perpendicular to the fiber direction. In addition, the stitching yarns of KUC160 and the stabilizing yarns of U3160 have flow guiding effect on the permeability. Mechanical property test results show that compared with composites reinforced by U3160, the tensile, flexural and compressive properties along the 0° direction of KUC160 reinforced composites decrease. To be specific, tensile strength and flexural modulus decrease the most by 11% and 21%, respectively. The interlaminar shear strength slightly increases by about 8 %.

关 键 词：单向无纬织物 单向无屈曲织物 压缩特性 渗透率 复合材料 力学性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]