冬小麦碳同位素分辨率与产量、旗叶光合性状的关系  

Relationships among carbon isotope discrimination,grain yield and photosynthetic traits of flag leaves in winter wheat

作　　者：陈晓杰[1,2] 张建伟[1] 杨保安[1] 张福彦[1] 程仲杰[1] 胡银岗[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南省核农学重点实验室河南省科学院同位素研究所有限责任公司,河南郑州450015 [2]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2016年第1期166-172,共7页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：河南省小麦产业体系项目(Z2010-01-04);农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103007);郑州市重大科技攻关项目(121PZDGG071);旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室开放课题(CSBAA2014008)

摘　　要：为了明确不同水分环境下冬小麦碳同位素分辨率(Δ13C)与产量、光合相关性状之间的关系,研究以12份不同时期育成的主栽冬小麦品种为材料,在水(WW)、旱(WS)两种条件下研究碳同位素分辨率、籽粒产量、光合性状及旗叶气孔密度之间的相互关系。结果发现:光合速率、Δ13C、气孔导度、旗叶叶绿素含量、籽粒产量5个性状在干旱胁迫下表现为下降趋势,且与正常灌溉差异极显著;在两种水分条件下,气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率和Ci/Ca间均呈现极显著的正相关,籽粒Δ13C与籽粒产量均呈正相关,且正常灌溉条件下Δ13C与籽粒产量具有更高的相关性(0.27 WS;0.51 WW);干旱胁迫条件下,Δ13C与光合速率、气孔导度、E、胞间CO2浓度和Ci/Ca均呈正相关,其中与Ci/Ca显著相关;灌溉条件下,Δ13C与光合速率呈负相关(-0.42),与其它4个光合性状无显著相关性;Δ13C与旗叶表皮气孔密度均呈负相关(-0.49,-0.21 WS;-0.56,-0.61WW),其中在灌溉条件下与旗叶下表皮气孔密度呈显著负相关,旗叶表皮气孔密度受开花、灌浆期干旱胁迫影响小,稳定性好。研究表明,灌浆初期的旗叶气孔密度可以作为Δ13C的潜在替代指标。In order to understand the relationships among carbon isotope discrimination （Δ^13C）, grain yield and photosynthetic related traits of flag leaf in winter wheat under different water conditions, 12 major winter wheat cultivars were selected as research materials to analyze the relationships among Δ^13C, grain yield, photosynthetic traits and stomatal density of flag leaf through a normal and drought treatment experiment. The results showed that the mean values of 5 traits, including photosynthetic rate （Pn）, carbon isotope discrimination （Δ^13C）, stomatal conductance （ Gs ）, SPAD value of the flag leaf chlorophyll content （SPAD） and grain yield （GY）, were significantly decreased under water stressed （WS） condition, compared with the well - watered （WW） condition （at least P 〈 0.01）. Results of a correlation analysis indicated that stomatal conductance （ Gs ）, transpiration rate （E）, intercellular C02 concentration （ Ci ） and Ci/Ca were positively correlated at signifieant levels with each other under two water conditions （at least P 〈 0.05）. Δ^13C was positively correlated with GY under both water conditions （WS and WW）, and higher positive correlation was observed under water-watered condition than WS condition（0.27 WS; 0.51 WW）. Δ^13C was positively correlated with Pn, Gs, E, Ci and Ci/Ca under water-stressed, significantly positively correlated with Ci/Ca （ P 〈 0.05）. A13 C was obviously negative correlated with Pn under well-watered（ - 0.42）, no significant relationship with other four photosynthetic traits. Δ^13C was obviously or significantly negatively correlated with stomatal density of flag leaf （ - 0.49, - 0.21, WS; - 0.56, - 0.61WW） under two water conditions. Because stomatal density was stable under different water conditions, flag leaf stomatal density may be a potential surrogate markers for Δ^13C. The results from this study would provide valuable information for the application of Δ^13C in the breeding of drough

关 键 词：冬小麦 碳同位素分辨率 产量 光合性状 气孔密度 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]