改宗格鲁:元明之际西藏古格王国政教关系的演进  

Converting to dge lugs pa Sect: the Evolution of the Politics-Religion Relationship of the gu ge Kingdom in Ancient Tibet During the Yuan and Ming Dynasty

作　　者：黄博[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学中国藏学研究所,四川成都610064

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第1期104-112,172,共9页Journal of Fujian Normal University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"西藏古格王国早期政教关系研究"(12CM015)的阶段性研究成果之一

摘　　要：14世纪后半期到15世纪前半期,西藏西部的古格王国在一度衰落后逐渐复兴,在国王南杰德的统治下,在军事、政治、经济等方面都取得不俗的成绩,不但出兵平定了拉达克内乱,还建立起良好的政治规范和国防体系,实现地区稳定,商业繁荣,迎来阿里地区的盛世。虽然古格在后弘期初期成为上路弘法的源头,在11世纪还是西藏佛教发展的高峰,但在稍后的数百年间皆无所作为,阿里的佛教水平也随之落潮,可以说是古格盛世的一大遗憾,而这其实也是藏传佛教教派地域化的困境。而不以地域为宗派的格鲁派的兴起,为阿里提供了宗教繁荣的可能,随着宗喀巴的弟子们返回阿里,格鲁派在古格传播开来,其中阿旺扎巴功取得了空前的成功,成为古格的宗教领袖,这一过程实际上改变了古格王国的传统政治生态,对后来历史的发展也影响深远。The gu ge Kingdom revived between the latter half of 14 th century and the early half of 15 th century. In this period,under the King rnam rje lde,who send troops to Ladakh to calm down an internal disorder,established favorable political standards and strong military defense systems,and made a great achievement for regional stability and commercial prosperity in the respect to military,politics and economy,which created the flourishing age of mngav ris prefecture. The gu ge Kingdom which was the heights of the development of Tibetan Buddhism in the 11 th century,had been the source of the upper route of Buddhism in the beginning of the Post-Propagation period of Tibetan Buddhism,but its level of Buddhism development was rather poor in the latter centuries,which attempted nothing and accomplished nothing. This was a great regret for flourishing age of the kingdom,and this was also the plight of the development of the Tibetan Buddhism,which made all kinds of sects with a strong dose of localism. Then the rise of dge lugs pa,a non-localism sect,provides the possibility of a religious boom for the Kingdom. With the master tsong kha pa's disciples had returned their homeland,the dge lugs pa had spread in the gu ge kingdom. Then one of these disciples named ngag dbang grags pa has made an unprecedented success,and became the religious leader in this country.Then this process actually changed the traditional political ecology of the Kingdom,which also had a profound impact on the development of the latter history for this Kingdom.

关 键 词：格鲁派 古格 南杰德 阿旺扎巴 政教关系 

分 类 号：K23[历史地理—历史学]