福建东山湾1954～2008年间的海底冲淤变化  

Change of scouring and silting during 1954 to 2008 in the sea bed of Dongshan Bay,Fujian

作　　者：梁群峰 汪卫国[2] 赵蒙维[2,3] 赖志坤[2] 兰彬斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361102 [2]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005 [3]中国海洋大学海洋地球科学学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2016年第1期95-101,共7页Journal of Applied Oceanography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40976037)

摘　　要：本文通过对比东山湾20世纪50、70、90年代和2008年等不同时期的海图和实测水深资料,对东山湾内近50 a间的海底冲淤变化特征进行了分析.结果表明：1954~2008年间,东山湾经历了从淤积向冲刷的转变.20世纪50年代至70年代,东山湾内滩涂和水下浅滩主要呈淤积特征,并以0、2 m等深线变化最大;20世纪70年代至90年代,东山湾内滩涂、水下浅滩及潮汐通道的水深和位置变化均较小,仅局部略有调整;20世纪90年代至2008年,东山湾整体呈冲刷状态,并以东北部和西南部最为明显.总体来看：东山湾内近50 a间的海底冲淤变化区域主要发生在水动力较弱的滩涂和水下浅滩区;东山湾口门潮汐通道处,长期处于冲淤动态平衡中.除了自然因素,漳江上游峰头水库的建成、东山湾东北部围垦、西南部八尺门海堤的建成及21世纪以来湾内海砂开采是近50a间东山湾局部冲淤变化的控制因素.By comparing bathymetric data surveyed in the 1950 s, 1970 s and 1990s and 2008, this paper analyzes the characteristics of scouring and silting changes in the sea bed of Dongshan Bay in over 50 years. The results show that Dongshan Bay has experienced the evolution from silting to scouring during 1954 to 2008. Dongshan Bay tidal fiats and underwater shoals underwent mainly a silting state from 1950 s to 1970 s, and the significant change appeared in 0 and 2 meter depth contour. During 1970s and 1990s, the depth and position changes of the tidal fiats, underwater shoals and tidal channels were small except for slightly modified location. From 1990 s to 2008, Dongshan Bay was in the condition of scour, and the most obvious scouring occurred in the northeast and southwest of the bay. In general, the scouring-silting variation occurred mainly on the tidal flats and underwater shoals. And the tidal channel at the entrance of the bay kept a long-term dynamic equilibrium. In addition to the influence of natural factors, the buildup of Fengtou Reservoir in the upstream of Zhangjiang River, the human reclamation in northeast of the bay, the buildup of Bachimen Dam in the southwest bay the scouring and silting changes in local area of Dongshan Bay in over 50 and sand mining were factors controlling years.

关 键 词：海洋地质学 冲淤变化 水深资料对比 人类活动 东山湾 

分 类 号：P736[天文地球—海洋地质]