‘新新2号’核桃果实不同生育时期叶片光谱特征及其对氮磷钾的敏感性  

Leaf Spectral Characteristics and Its Sensitivity to N, P, K in Various Phenological Periods of Fruit Development of Juglans regia 'Xinxin2'

作　　者：朱白雪 潘存德[1] 胡珍珠[1] 潘鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院新疆教育厅干旱区林业生态与产业技术重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2016年第2期1-8,共8页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区"十二五"重大科技专项课题(201130102-2)

摘　　要：通过分析果实不同生育时期叶片光谱反射率对氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）的响应,探索采用叶片光谱指数监测和诊断叶片N、P、K的敏感期,旨在为‘新新2号’（Juglans regia‘Xinxin2’）核桃简便、快捷无损的营养监测与诊断提供理论依据。根据＂3414＂肥料效应田间试验,利用Unispec-SC单通道便携式光谱分析仪测定不同生育期在不同N、P、K施肥水平下‘新新2号’核桃果实叶片光谱反射率。结果表明,‘新新2号’核桃果实在生长发育过程中叶片光谱反射率与波长密切相关,在360~1 000nm波长范围内叶片光谱受到外界干扰影响较小,可见光波段光谱反射率表现为R坐果期〉R硬核期〉R速生〉R近成熟〉R脂化期;在不同N、P、K施肥水平下,‘新新2号’核桃果实坐果期叶片光谱指数（ND705）与其它时期存在显著差异（P〈0.05）或极显著差异（P〈0.01）。果实坐果期为‘新新2号’核桃叶片N、P和K的光谱敏感期。The paper analyzes leaf spectral reflectance of nitrogen （N）, phosphorus （P）, potassium （K） trends of various phenological periods of fruit development of Juglans regia ＂Xinxin2＂, and explores how to use leaf spectral index to monitor and diagnose the N, P, K sensitive period, which aimed at providing a good basis and the best way for simple, fast, non-destructive operability good nutrition monitoring. According to the ＂3414＂ fertilizer effect field experiments, leaf spectral reflectance in various phenological periods of fruit development under diverse different fertilization levels were measured with Unispec-SC-channel portable spectrum analyzer. The re- sults showed that leaf spectral reflectance of J. regia ＂Xinxin2＂ is closely related to the walnut fruit growth period and the leaf spectral when the wavelength of light is 360-1 000 nm was less affected by outside interference, especially in the visible band of relatively stable, and the spectral reflectance showing a order as following set fruit 〉 hardcore period 〉 rapid growth period 〉 near mature period 〉 fat change period. The differences of leaf spectral index NDTos in various phenological periods of fruit development under diverse N, P, K fertilization levels were significant （P〈0.05）or extremely significant （P〈0.01）.The set fruit was the most sensitive stage for spec- tral monitoring and diagnosis of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutritional elements of J. regia ＂Xinxin2＂.

关 键 词：核桃 N素 P素 K素 叶片 光谱反射率 敏感期 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]