道路交通事故技术鉴定发展概述  

The Development of Road Traffic Accident Investigation

作　　者：冯浩[1] 陈建国[1] 张志勇[1] 潘少猷[1] 

机构地区：[1]司法部司法鉴定科学技术研究所,上海200063

出　　处：《中国司法鉴定》2015年第5期69-73,共5页Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences

基　　金：中央科研院所公益专项资金项目(GY2013G-5)

摘　　要：道路交通事故技术鉴定利用法医学、痕迹物证学、交通工程学、道路工程学、车辆工程学等专业知识,从人、车、路、环境等方面综合分析交通要素与事故发生之间的因果关系。目前,道路交通事故的相关检验、鉴定内容从学科专业的角度可以基本分为以法医病理学、法医临床学、法医毒物学等为基础的道路交通事故法医学类鉴定,以痕迹物证学、车辆工程学、交通工程学和计算机声像技术等为基础的道路交通事故技术类鉴定,以及综合利用以上两种鉴定类别的道路交通事故综合类鉴定,其鉴定项目主要包括交通参与者的驾乘关系鉴定、两轮车当事人骑行或推行状态鉴定、伤残和死亡与事故之间的关系鉴定等。经过十余年的发展,道路交通事故技术鉴定已经成为道路交通事故调查的重要手段,为道路交通事故的调解、处理和审理工作提供客观、科学的技术依据。Road traffic accident investigation requires expertise of forensic medicine, trace evidence, traffic engineering, road engineering, vehicle engineering and so on, and needs analyisis of the consequence of traffic elements in an accident comprehensively from the aspects of human being, vehicle, road and surrounding. Currently, there are three categories of road traffic accident investigation. The first is the forensic medical examination that is based on forensic pathology, forensic clinical medicine and forensic toxicology. The second is the technical investigation that is based on trace evidence, vehicle engineering, traffic engineering and audio-visual technology. The third is the comprehensive traffic accident investigation, whose main projects include determination of roles of participants, riding or pushing status of two-wheel vehicles, and the relationship between the disability or death and the accident. After decades of development, road traffic accident investigation has become an important subject in accident analysis, providing objective and scientific technical basis for the regulation, management and cognizance of road traffic accidents.

关 键 词：道路交通事故 司法鉴定技术 技术鉴定 综述 

分 类 号：U491.3[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]