不同采收方法对返青烟质量的影响  

Influences of Different Picking Methods on Quality of Green Leaves

作　　者：杨家旺[1] 苏家恩[2] 王德勋[2] 徐成龙[3] 

机构地区：[1]大理州烟草公司永平县分公司,云南永平672600 [2]云南省烟草公司大理州公司,云南大理671000 [3]大理州烟草公司祥云县分公司,云南祥云672100

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2016年第1期63-65,199,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省烟草公司科技计划项目(2015YN20)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨几种采收方式对返青烟落黄效果及各部位烤后质量的影响,减少在大理州特殊生态条件下返青烟的发生以及在烘烤过程中造成的损失。[方法]通过对当地特色烤烟红花大金元烟株进行不同采收方法处理,研究其对下、上部返青烟叶的叶绿素含量变化、烤后烟外观质量及经济性状的影响。[结果]试验表明,高扫或早采下部叶、充分养熟中上部叶的采收方法在不同程度上平衡了烟株营养物质分配,改善了各部位烟叶采收素质,有利于叶绿素降解,促使烟叶成熟落黄,达到了减少返青烟发生的目的。其中,早采下部叶、充分养熟中上部叶的采收方法对烟叶落黄效果及烤后质量最好。[结论]研究可为减少返青烟的发生提供理论依据,以间接提高烟叶经济价值。[ Objective ] To discuss influences of several harvesting methods on yellowing effect of green tobacco leaves and quality of each part after curing, reduce the occurrence of green leaves under special ecological conditions in Dali and loss in curing process. [ Method ] Different harvesting methods were conducted on local characteristics flue-cured tobacco Honghua Dajinyuan. The effects of different picking methods on change of chlorophyll content in upper and lower green leaves, appearance quality and economic traits were studied. [ Result ] The results showed that methods of high sweep or early harvesting of lower leaves, fully keep cooked of middle and upper leaves balanced distribution of nutriems in tobacco plant in different degree, improved the harvesting quality of yarious parts of flue-cured tobacco leaf, which were beneficial to the degra- dation of chlorophyll, promoted the mature leaf yellowing, eventually-reaching the green leaves reduction. Among which, early harvesting of low- er leaves, fully keep cooked of middle and upper leaves had the best yellowing effect and quality. [ Conclusion] The study can provide theoretical basis for reducing occurrence of green tobacco leaves, and indirectly improving the economic value.

关 键 词：采收方法 返青烟 落黄效果 采收素质 烤后质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]