某三甲医院2010-2014年住院患者医院感染现患率调查研究  

Survey on the prevalence of nosocomial infection in a tertiary hospital,2010- 2014

作　　者：韩阳[1,2] 潘海峰[1] 范引光[1] 冷瑞雪[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,安徽合肥230032 [2]淮北市人民医院医院感染管理科,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2016年第1期58-62,共5页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：目的了解某三甲医院2010-2014年住院患者医院感染现患率,为有效预防与控制医院感染提供科学依据。方法采用横断面调查的方法,分别在2010-2014年连续5年对该医院住院患者医院感染现患率进行调查与分析。调查均按照安徽省医院感染质控中心要求,在每年11月份某日进行。结果该医院在2010-2014年各年度调查当日住院患者医院感染现患率分别为3.19%、2.32%、3.03%、2.34%和1.74%。医院感染部位每年均以下呼吸道为主,其次为表浅切口、泌尿道和上呼吸道。医院感染病例分离出病原微生物91株,前五位病原微生物排名为大肠埃希菌19株、铜绿假单胞菌15株、鲍曼不动杆菌12株、真菌9株、金黄色葡萄球菌5株。连续5年调查当日患者抗菌药物使用率依次分别为48.88%、40.04%、37.59%、36.85%和36.23%。结论该医院2010-2014年住院患者医院感染率在控制指标范围内,抗菌药物使用率均在控制指标范围,医院感染率高的科室为今后管控工作的主要目标。Objective To investigate the nosocomial infection prevalence in a tertiary hospital, so as to provide the scientific basis for the prevention and control of nosocomial infection. Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used to investigate the nosocomial infection prevalence of five consecutive years （2010 -2014）. Surveys were conducted on one day each year in November according to the standards made by Anhui Center for Quality Control of Nosocomial Infec- tion. Results In 2010 -2014, on the annual survey day, the nosocomial infection rate of hospitalized patients was 3. 19% , 2. 32% , 3. 03% , 2. 34% and 1.74%, respectively. The lower respiratory tract infection site was in the first place of each year, followed by urinary tract, and upper respiratory tract infection. 91 strains of pathogen and microorgan- isms were isolated from the cases with hospital infection. The five leading pathogeny microorganism were as following： esch- erichia eoli （ 19 stains）, pseudomonas aeruginosa （ 15 stains）, acinetobacter baumannii （ 12 stains） , fungus （ 9 stains） , staphylococcus aureus（5 stains）. For 5 consecutive years, the antibiotic used rates were 48.88%, 40. 04%, 37.59%, 36. 85% and 36. 23% , respectively. Gram negative bacilli were the dominative pathogenic bacteria for nosoeomial infec- tion. Conclusions Consecutive five-year investigation of the hospital inpatient hospital infection rates is in the standard range. The use of anti-biotics of control rates is in the standard range. The department with high incidence of nosocomial infection department should be taken as the target of control management.

关 键 词：医院感染 患病率 抗菌药 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R181.22[医药卫生—流行病学]