不同颜色果袋对果园鸟害防治效果  

Effects of different color fruit bags on defending bird damage

作　　者：温立嘉 郭玉民[1] 高永宏[1] 彭杨靖 刘润泽[2] 曲宏[2] 黄三祥[2] 黄建[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学自然保护区学院,北京100083 [2]北京市园林绿化局,北京100013

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2016年第2期458-462,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：北京市科学技术委员会项目(Z121100000312107)资助

摘　　要：为验证改变果袋外袋颜色是否可以降低鸟害影响,本研究于2013年和2014年对北京市延庆县佛峪口果园的部分苹果果实使用不同种颜色的果袋进行套袋处理。套袋总数:实验组1713,对照组1787。实验结果显示,果袋颜色与被鸟类破坏情况存在极显著差异(P<0.001),其中,钴蓝色果袋的防鸟害效果最好,破坏率为1.30%,其次是大红色和白色果袋,破坏率分别为2.11%和2.60%,均低于对照组原色果袋破坏率4.40%;黑色、群青色、熟褐色及青莲色的防鸟害效果较差,其破坏率分别为9.21%、8.60%、8.11%和6.90%,远高于对照组。建议今后生产中使用外袋颜色为钴蓝色的果袋。To investigate whether the color of packaging bags can reduce bird damage and economic losses of apples, we bagged the apples with different colors in Foyukou orchard, Yanqing County, Beijing during 2013 and 2014. The total number of bags was 1713 for the experimental group and 1787 for the control group. The results showed that there was a significant difference （P〈0.001） between treatments, and the bags with a cobalt blue color had the best protection against bird damage. The destruction ratio of apples was 1.30% with cobalt-blue bags, followed by bright red and white with destruction ratios of 2.11% and 2.60%, respectively, which were still lower than the destruction ratio （4.40%） of the primary fruit bag color （the control）. Bags with black, ultramarine blue, brown and pale purple had lower effects on protecting against bird damage compared with the control group, with destruction ratios of 9.21%, 8.60%, 8.11% and 6.90%, respectively. Therefore, we suggest that bags with cobalt blue can be used for the protection of orchard harvest.

关 键 词：果园 防鸟害 苹果套袋 果袋颜色 

分 类 号：S436.6[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]