2000m超深水水下分离器泄漏油气扩散特性研究  

Study on dispersion characteristics of leaking oil and gas from subsea separator in 2000m ultra deepwater

作　　者：李新宏[1] 李秀美[1] 陈国明[1] 朱红卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学<华东>海洋油气装备与安全技术研究中心,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2016年第1期38-43,共6页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家"863"高技术研究发展计划项目(2013AA09A213);中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目(14CX06123A)

摘　　要：深水水下分离器服役过程中由于腐蚀、地质灾害和环境高压作用,存在失效泄漏风险。针对2 000 m超深水水下分离器可能存在的失效泄漏问题,基于计算流体动力学CFD方法,建立分离器失效泄漏后果数值仿真分析模型,对分离器泄漏场景进行模拟与分析,研究2 000 m水深条件下分离器泄漏油气扩散规律,并考虑不同泄漏位置对油气扩散行为的影响。结果表明:水下分离器泄漏包括压力扩散和自由扩散两个阶段,压力扩散阶段历时极短,自由扩散阶段耗时较长;泄漏口位置对泄漏结果有较为明显的影响,分离器上部泄漏,油气全部溢出,分离器中下部泄漏,大部分油气保留于分离器内部,最终形成分明的油气水界面;分离器内部压力随时间迅速上升,t=0.25 s左右接近于20MPa,后期在20 MPa左右呈极微小波动,泄漏速率随分离器内部压力增大迅速减小,达到最低点之后,呈微小波动状变化。There exists the risk of failure leakage for subsea separator due to corrosion,geological disaster and high environmental pressure. Aiming at the possible failure leakage of subsea separator in 2 000 m ultra deepwater,a numerical simulation model on leakage consequence of separator was established based on CFD method to simulate and analysis the leakage scenarios of separator. The dispersion characteristics of leaking oil and gas from subsea separator in 2 000 m ultra deepwater were studied with considering the influence of different leakage location on the dispersion behavior of oil and gas. The results showed that subsea separator leakage involves 2 stages,that is pressure diffusion and free diffusion. The duration of pressure diffusion stage is very short,while that of free diffusion stage is relatively long. The leakage location has an obvious impact on the leakage results,all the oil and gas in separator spills out when leakage occurs in the top of separator,but most of oil and gas remains inside of the separator when the leakage occurs in the middle or bottom of separator,and the apparent interfaces between oil,gas and water appear finally. The internal pressure of separator rises rapidly over time and reaches 20 MPa after 0. 25 s,then fluctuate slightly around 20 MPa. The leakage rate decreases rapidly with the increasing internal pressure of separator,and presents tiny fluctuation change after reaching the lowest point.

关 键 词：深水 水下分离器 失效泄漏 油气扩散 数值仿真 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]