正确认识粮食安全和农业劳动力成本问题  

Understanding Issues Regarding Food Security and Rising Labor Costs

作　　者：钟甫宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学中国粮食安全研究中心,南京210095

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2016年第1期4-9,110,共6页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(编号:14ZDA038);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:71361140370);江苏省高校优势学科项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：粮食安全和农产品竞争力下降是相互关联的两个重大公共政策问题。本文以经济学基本原理为依据,通过逻辑和数据分析指出近年来粮食进口大幅度增长、农产品特别是粮食作物生产成本迅速上升的主要原因在于经济和收入增长以及劳动力成本的飙升;而劳动力成本上升的一个重要原因在于农业生产的季节性导致的农村劳动力市场在时空上不匹配。因此,降低农产品生产成本、提高粮食安全保障水平的关键在于通过技术和制度创新缓解劳动力市场供求瓶颈阶段的紧张程度。Food security and declining competitiveness of farm products are two related public policy issues. Based on economic theory,as well as logic and data analyses,this paper points out that growth in food imports and rise in labor costs are the result of economic and income growth,and one of the major factor leading to rising labor costs is the imbalance in rural labor market,inter-temporally and inter-regionally which was due to the seasonal nature or farm production. Therefore,one of the major approaches to reduce costs and improve food security status is to ease the bottleneck in rural labor market through technological and institutional innovations.

关 键 词：粮食安全 劳动力成本 农村劳动力市场 季节性 制度创新 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济] F249.2