端异氰酸根聚氨酯预聚体增韧改性酚醛泡沫塑料性能研究  

Study on property of isocyanate polyurethane prepolymer modified phenolic foam

作　　者：刘娟[1] 陈日清[1,2] 王春鹏[1,2] 储富祥[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所生物质化学利用国家工程实验室国家林业局林产化学工程重点开放性实验室江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室,南京210042 [2]中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所,北京100091 [3]中国林业科学研究院,北京100091

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2016年第1期149-152,共4页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：林木资源化学深加工关键技术研究及示范(2012BAD24B04)

摘　　要：以聚丙二醇(PPG2000)和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)为原料合成了异氰酸根封端的聚氨酯预聚体(PUP),分别以合成的预聚体和市售的聚氨酯预聚体为增韧剂改性酚醛泡沫,研究了PUP用量及异氰酸根含量对酚醛泡沫力学性能、热稳定性能、导热性能及阻燃等性能的影响,并对改性前后的酚醛泡沫进行了电子显微镜扫描泡孔结构和红外光谱分析。结果表明,聚氨酯预聚体用量为5%(wt,质量分数,下同),异氰酸根含量为4.1%时,酚醛泡沫的韧性和保温性能最好,其中相对弯曲强度和相对压缩强度分别为5.11kPa·m^3/kg和3.33kPa·m^3/kg,分别比纯泡沫提高了86.5%和43.5%;改性泡沫导热系数为0.057W/m·K,比纯泡沫导热系数(0.064W/m·K)低;增韧的酚醛泡沫热稳定性能略有降低,但下降幅度不大;此外,聚氨酯增韧后的酚醛泡沫阻燃性能均大于34%,具有优良的阻燃性能,且酚醛泡沫闭孔率高、泡空分布均匀。The isoeyanate-terminated polyurethane propolymer（PUP）was firstly synthesized using polypropylene glycol（PPG,Mw=2000）and diphenyl methane diisocyanate（MDI）,and then the phenolic foam were modified with synthetic polyurethane prepolymer and commercial polyurethane prepolymer as toughening agents.The effects of dosage of PUP and isocyanate root content on the mechanical properties,thermal stability properties,thermal conductivity and flame retardantance of phenolic foam were investigated,and the phenolic foam before and after the modification were studied using scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectrum analysis.The results showed that the phenolic foam exhibited good toughness and thermal insulation properties when added 5% PUP with 4.1% isocyanate root content,and the relative bending strength and compression strength were 5.11kPa·m3/kg and 3.33kPa·m3/kg,respectively.Which increased by 82.5% and43.5% compared with pure foam,respectively.The thermal conductiveity was 0.057W/m·K,which was lower than that of pure phenolic foam（0.064W/m·K）.Investigated by thermogravimetric analisis（TGA）thermal stability of phenolic foam lowed slightly.Besides,the modified foam had excellent flame retardantance because its limiting oxygen index（LOI）still remained above 34%.The modified foam had high obturator rate and cellular structure distributed evenly and closely.

关 键 词：聚氨酯预聚体 酚醛泡沫 力学性能 热稳定性能 保温性能 

分 类 号：TQ328[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]