南昌市秋季大气PM_(2.5)中金属元素富集特征及来源分析  

Enrichment Characteristics and Source Analysis of Metal Elements in PM_(2.5) in Autumn in Nanchang City

作　　者：林晓辉[1] 赵阳[1,2] 樊孝俊 胡恭任[1] 于瑞莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]华侨大学环境科学与工程系,厦门361021 [2]南昌市环境保护局,南昌330038 [3]南昌市环境监测站,南昌330002

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第1期35-40,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21377042;21477042);福建省自然科学基金项目(2014J01159)

摘　　要：采集2013年秋季南昌市6个不同区域的大气PM_(2.5)样品,分析PM_(2.5)质量浓度及其中18种金属元素(Mg、Al、K、Ca、Ti、V、Ba、Co、Cr、Mn、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、As、Hg)的富集特征,并用多元统计分析法探讨了PM_(2.5)中上述元素主要来源.结果表明,南昌市秋季大气PM_(2.5)日均质量浓度满足《环境空气质量标准》(GB 3095-2012)二级标准限值(≤75μg·m^(-3)).Mn、Ti、Al和V的富集因子小于1.0,表明这些元素基本没有富集;Fe、Cr、Co、K、Mg、Ba、Ca、Cu和As的富集因子范围为1.7~7.8,表明这些元素受到自然源和人为源的共同影响;Hg、Zn、Pb、Ni和Cd的富集因子范围为21.9~481.2,表明这些元素受到明显的人为污染.综合相关分析、主成分分析和聚类分析结果表明:PM_(2.5)中Mg、K、Al、Ca、Ti主要来源于土壤及建筑尘;As、Hg主要来自燃煤;Ba、Ni、Mn主要来自金属冶炼排放;V、Cu、Fe、Cd、Pb、Cr、Co主要来自交通源;Zn主要受金属冶炼和燃煤的影响.PM2.5 samples were collected in six different functional zones in Nanchang City during autumn in 2013.PM2.5 mass concentration and enrichment characteristics of eighteen metal elements（Mg,Al,K,Ca,Ti,V,Ba,Co,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd,Pb,As and Hg） were analyzed.The pollution sources of the above elements in PM2.5 were discussed based on the results of multivariate statistical analysis.The results showed that the average daily mass concentration of PM2.5 during autumn in Nanchang City met the secondary standard limit（≤75 μg·m^-3） of National Ambient Air Quality Standards（GB 3095-2012）.The enrichment factors of Mn,Ti,Al and V were lower than 1.0,indicating that these elements were barely enriched.The enrichment factors of Fe,Cr,Co,K,Mg,Ba,Ca,Cu and As ranged from 1.7 to 7.8,suggesting the influence of both natural sources and anthropogenic sources.Hg,Zn,Pb,Ni and Cd were obviously affected by anthropogenic emissions since their enrichment factors ranged from 21.9 to481.2.The combined results of correlation analysis,principal components analysis and cluster analysis revealed the pollution sources of these metals in PM2.5：Mg,K,Al,Ca and Ti mainly came from natural soil and building material dust;As and Hg were mainly from coal combustion;Ba,Ni and Mn were mainly from industrial emission of metal smelting;V,Cu,Fe,Cd,Pb,Cr and Co mainly came from traffic sources;Zn was influenced by metal smelting and coal burning.

关 键 词：南昌市 PM2.5 金属元素 富集因子 来源分析 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]