机构地区:[1]南方医科大学附属深圳妇幼保健院新生儿科,518028 [2]西北妇女儿童医院新生儿科,西安710061
出 处:《中华围产医学杂志》2016年第1期29-34,共6页Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine
基 金:广东省科技计划项目(20110311)
摘 要:目的探讨Supreme喉罩气道(laryngeal mask airway SupremeTM,SLMA)应用于新生儿复苏的可行性、有效性和安全性。方法2012年6月1日至2013年6月1日,在南方医科大学附属深圳妇幼保健院出生的新生儿中,纳入胎龄≥34周或出生体重≥2 000 g、生后经30 s初步复苏处理仍有正压通气指征的新生儿共60例,随机分为经典型喉罩气道(laryngeal mask airway ClassicTM,CLMA)组和SLMA组各30例。比较2组喉罩使用情况、复苏效果、生化指标、心率及经皮脉搏氧饱和度(pulse oxygen saturation,SpO2)以及不良反应的发生情况。采用独立样本t检验、非参数检验及χ^2检验进行统计学分析。结果CLMA组与SLMA组的插入时间分别为(7.6±1.3)与(4.9±1.0) s(t=8.98),移位的比例分别为13.3%(4/30)与0%(0/30)(Fisher精确概率法),SLMA组均低于CLMA组(P值均〈0.05)。CLMA组与SLMA组复苏成功的比例分别为90.0%(27/30)与100.0%(30/30)(Fisher精确概率法),起效时间分别为(15.6±3.8)与(12.4±3.7) s(t=3.31),通气时间分别为(48.2±20.1)与(37.3±17.0) s(t=2.29),SLMA组均优于CLMA组(P值均〈0.05)。CLMA组与SLMA组生后1 min的心率分别为(74.2±17.8)与(93.5±20.9)次/min,生后1、2、3 min的经皮SpO2分别为(38.7±12.1)%与(47.1±8.4)%、(52.8±10.8)%与(68.1±9.5)%、(72.1±9.7)%与(78.3±10.0)%,SLMA组均高于CLMA组(t值分别为-3.86、-3.13、-5.82和-2.46,P值均〈0.05)。SLMA组无一例发生呕吐或反流、腹胀、胃部积气、喉部损伤。CLMA组3例发生呕吐或反流,2例出现腹胀,7例出现胃部积气,无一例喉部损伤。结论SLMA操作较CLMA更为简单,密闭性好,不良反应少,复苏效果优越,可减少气管插管率,在新生儿复苏中有很大应用潜能。Objective To study the feasibility, efficacy and safety of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) Supreme (SLMA) in neonatal resuscitation. Methods Sixty neonates, who were born at South Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Shenzhen from June 1, 2012 to June 1, 2013 and requiring positive pressure ventilation after 30 s primary resuscitation post born, with birth weight above 2 000 g or gestational age above 34 weeks, were randomly assigned into two groups: SLMA group (n=30) and LMA Classic (CLMA) group (n=30). The outcome indicators included the curative effect, insertion time and possible adverse reactions of the two kinds of LMA, and the serum bio-markers, heart rate and percutaneous pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) of all neonates. Independent sample t test, non-parametric test and Chi-square test were applied for statistical analysis. Results The insertion time was shorter in SLMA group tlran in CLMA group [(4.9±1.0) vs (7.6±1.3) s, t=8.98, P〈0.05]. And more displacement occurred in CLMA group than in SLMA group [13.3% (4/30) vs 0% (0/30), Fisher exact test, P〈0.05]. The successful rate of resuscitation in SLMA group was higher [100.0% (30/30) vs 90.0% (27/30), Fisher's exact test, P〈0.05], and both the onset time and the total ventilation time were shorter than those in CLMA group [(12.4±3.7) vs (15,6±3.8) s, t=3.31, P〈0.05; (37.3±17.0) vs (48.2±20.1) s, t=2.29, P〈0.05]. The heart rate at 1 min after delivery was higher in SLMA group than in CLMA group [(93.5±20.9) vs (74.2±17.8) bpm, t= - 3.86, P〈0.05], and the same results were shown for SpO2 at 1, 2 and 3 rain after birth [(47.1±8.4)% vs (38.7±12.1)%, t = 3.13; (68.1 ±9.5)% vs (52.8± 10.8)%, t=- 5.82; (78.3±10.0)% vs (72.1±9.7)%, t=- 2.46; all P〈0.05]. in the CLMA group, vomit or regurgitation occurred in three neonates, abdominal distension in two cases, aerogastria in seven cases. However, none of the above w
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