421名新兵的状态—特质焦虑与相关因素  

The State-trait Anxiety and Its Related Factors in 421 Recruits

作　　者：化振[1] 独宁鸽 杨来启[1] 刘光雄[1] 吴兴曲[1] 马文涛[1] 邓自和[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军第三医院精神科 [2]中国人民解放军第三医院呼吸科

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2016年第1期32-35,共4页China Journal of Health Psychology

摘　　要：目的:量化评估某部新兵状态-特质焦虑的特点及与相关因素间的关系。方法:采用状态-特质量表、应对方式问卷、症状自评量表、自尊量表对2013年首次夏秋季入伍421名新兵进行团体测定。结果:1新兵状态-特质焦虑与全国常模差异显著(t=4.077,4.222;P<0.05);新兵的状态焦虑显著低于中国大学生常模(t=-5.468,P<0.05),特质焦虑与中国大学生常模无显著差异;2独生子女在状态-特质焦虑上显著高于非独生子女(t=3.439,2.884;P<0.05);来自城市与农村的新兵在状态焦虑、特质焦虑上无显著差异;3状态焦虑、特质焦虑分别与解决问题、求助和自尊呈显著负相关(P<0.01),与自责、幻想、退避、合理化及SCL-90因子及总分呈显著正相关(P<0.01),状态焦虑与特质焦虑呈正相关(P<0.01);4对状态焦虑影响大小依次是特质焦虑、抑郁、自尊、躯体化、解决问题;对特质焦虑影响大小依次是状态焦虑、自尊、自责、人际关系、解决问题。结论:新兵的状态-特质焦虑高于中国全国常模,状态焦虑低于中国大学生,独生子女出现较多状态-特质焦虑,状态-特质焦虑与自尊、应对方式、心理健康关系密切,对状态-特质焦虑共同影响的因子是自尊和解决问题。Objective：To quantitatively assess the state-trait anxiety and its related factors in recruits.Methods：State-Trait Anxiety Inventory（STAI）,Coping Style Questionnaire（CSQ）,Symptom Checklist 90（SCL-90）and Self-Esteem Scale（SES）were used to test the mental state in 421 recruits for first time to recruit between summer and autumn in 2013.Results：①Compared with the civilian＇s norm,recruits had higher scores in state-trait anxiety inventory（t=4.077,4.222;P〈0.05）;Compared with the Chinese college students norm,recruits had lower scores in state anxiety inventory（t=-5.468,P〈0.05）,and there was no statistical difference in trait anxiety Inventory（t=0.078,P〉0.05）;②Compared with the recruits with siblings,recruits without siblings had higher scores in statetrait anxiety inventory（t=3.439,2.884;P〈0.05）;Recruits in the city had no statistical difference in STAI than recruits in the countryside（t=1.568,1.434;P〉0.05）.③The scores of state-trait anxiety and problem-solving,resorting,self-esteem showed negative correlation,and self-blaming,fantasy,avoidance,rationalization and factor and total scores of SCL-90 showed positive correlation（P〈0.01）.State anxiety and trait anxiety showed positive correlation（P〈0.01）.④Trait anxiety,depression,self-esteem,somatization and problem-solving in decreasing order were the factors affecting the total score of state anxiety inventory;State anxiety,self-esteem,self-blaming,interpersonal sensitivity and problem-solving in decreasing order were the factors affecting the total score of trait anxiety inventory.Conclusion：Recruits have higher scores of state-trait anxiety than the civilian＇s norm,have lower scores of state anxiety than Chinese college students norm.State-trait anxiety and self-esteem,coping style and mental health are closely related.Self-esteem and problem-solving are the factors affecting the total score of state-trait anxiety

关 键 词：新兵 状态-特质焦虑 自尊 应对方式 心理健康 

分 类 号：C912.64[经济管理] R749.7[社会学]