综合医院急诊监护室收治患者疾病特点分析  

Disease Characteristics Analysis of Patients Admitted in Emergency Intensive Care Unit of a Comprehensive Hospital

作　　者：屈莉[1] 孔淑贞[1] 王维霞[1] 张雪红[1] 曾令霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第二附属医院,西安市710004 [2]西安交通大学医学部公共卫生学院,西安市710061

出　　处：《中国病案》2016年第1期72-74,共3页Chinese Medical Record

摘　　要：目的了解急诊监护室收治患者的疾病特点,为有效开展急诊监护室医疗工作提供依据。方法回顾性调查分析某院急诊监护室2012年1月至2014年12月收治的急危重症患者一般资料和临床资料。结果近3年EICU救治患者共1630例,患者平均年龄（63.26±17.80）岁,以60岁~79岁年龄段为最高峰,男女之比为1.63：1;春、冬季EICU救治病例数略高于夏季和秋季;系统或大类疾病中,最多的为呼吸系统,其次是神经系统、循环系统、消化系统;前5位疾病谱为重症肺炎、急性冠脉综合征、脑梗死、脑出血、慢性支气管炎急性发作。结论近3年EICU收治患者以老年、男性人群居多;EICU的建设和管理中应根据患者就诊特点,春季、冬季适当增加人力资源配置,同时应根据EICU救治患者的疾病谱以呼吸系统、神经系统、循环系统、消化系统疾病作为EICU技术建设和人才培养重点,从而推动EICU整体医疗技术和质量不断提高。Objectives To investigate the disease characteristics of patients admitted in Emergency Intensive Care Unit and provide evidence for the carrying out of medical treatment work effectively. Methods A retrospective data analysis was conducted on the general and clinical materials of the patients with critical diseases who were admitted in the Emergency Intensive Care Unit of the hospital from January 2012 to December 2014. Results 1630 emergency inpatients were admitted in the past three years in EICU, the inpatients＇ average age was 63.26±17.80 years old with the largest number in age group from 60 to 79. The ratio of male to female was 1.63：1. The number of admitted inpatients was higher in spring and winter than in summer and autumn. In the system or broad categories of diseases, the most for the respiratory system diseases, followed by the nervous system diseases, circulatory system diseases and digestive system diseases. The top five diseases were severe pneumonia disease, acute coronary artery syndrome disease, cerebral infarction disease, cerebral hemorrhage disease and the acute attack of chronic bronchitis disease. Conclusions The elderly and male inpatients were the main objects that admitted to EICU in recent three years. In the construction and management of EICU, it is suggested to keep the appropriate medical staffs in spring and winter, and the respiratory system diseases, the nervous system diseases, circulatory system diseases and digestive system diseases should be the focus of technical construction and professional talent cultivation according to the disease spectrum, so as to promoting the whole level of medical treatment technology and quality of EICU continuously.

关 键 词：急诊监护室 危重症 疾病谱 

分 类 号：R197.32[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]