热带假丝酵母菌与桑叶黄酮对犊牛营养物质代谢和瘤胃发酵的影响  

Effects of Candida tropicalis and Mulberry Leaf Flavonoids on Nutrient Metabolism and Rumen Fermentation of Calves

作　　者：杨春涛[1] 刁其玉[1] 曲培滨[1] 司丙文[1] 马俊南 周玉财 屠焰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室,北京100081 [2]首农辛普劳(北京)农业科技有限公司,北京100081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2016年第1期224-234,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：奶牛产业技术体系北京市创新团队;国家科技支撑计划课题“华北农区及北方大城市奶牛健康养殖生产技术集成及产业化示范”(2012BAD12B06)

摘　　要：本文旨在研究饲粮中添加热带假丝酵母菌（CT）与桑叶黄酮（MLF）对断奶前后犊牛能量与氮代谢、瘤胃微生物蛋白合成以及瘤胃发酵的影响。选取（20±2）日龄中国荷斯坦公犊牛48头,随机分为4组,对照组（CON）饲喂基础饲粮,断奶前为代乳品和开食料,断奶后为开食料;CT组在基础饲粮中添加CT;MLF组添加MLF;CM组添加CT和MLF。犊牛于56日龄断奶（代乳品）,试验期60 d。分别于犊牛28、42、56和80日龄采集瘤胃液,35和63日龄进行消化代谢试验。结果表明：与CT组相比,CM组犊牛断奶前代谢能显著提高（P〈0.05）,较CON组,断奶后CM组氮利用率显著提高（P〈0.05）;断奶前MLF组较CON和CT组氮的生物学价值显著提高（P〈0.05）。与CON组相比,CT组显著提高了28-80日龄瘤胃液p H和56、80日龄瘤胃液微生物蛋白含量（P〈0.05）,CT、MLF和CM组瘤胃液氨态氮浓度无显著变化（P〉0.05）;与CON组相比,56日龄M LF组总挥发性脂肪酸浓度和丁酸含量显著提高（P〈0.05）;42日龄乙酸/丙酸CT和MLF组较CON组有提高的趋势（P=0.090）,各组间乙酸和戊酸含量无显著差异（P〉0.05）。结果提示,饲粮添加CT有助于改善断奶前犊牛瘤胃液p H和促进瘤胃微生物蛋白的合成;添加CT和MLF有助于提高断奶前犊牛饲粮代谢能和氮的生物学价值,提高断奶后犊牛总能代谢率和氮的利用率,降低粪能和总排出氮量,同时具有改善瘤胃发酵的作用,并且CT与MLF联合使用效果优于单一添加。This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Candida tropicalis（ CT） and mulberry leaf flavonoids（ M LF） on energy and nitrogen metabolism,rumen microbial protein synthesis and rumen fermentation of pre-and post-weaning calves. Forty-eight Chinese Holstein bull calves aged（ 20 ± 2） days were used and assigned to one of the four groups with 12 calves each. The calves in the control group（ CON group） were fed a basal diet which including a milk replacer and a starter in pre-weaning period and the starter in post-weaning period. Calves in CT,M LF and CM groups were fed the basal diet with CT,M LF and the compound of CT and M LF,respectively. The calves were weaned（ milk replacer） at 56 days of age and the trial lasted 60 days. The rumen fluid was collected at 28,42,56 and 80 days of age,digestion trials were conducted to estimate nutrients metabolism at 35 and 63 days of age,respectively. The results showed as follows： comparing with CT group,metabolizable energy of pre-weaning calves in CM group was significantly higher（ P〈0. 05）; compared with CON group,the utilization of nitrogen of post-weaning calves in CM group was significantly increased（ P〈0.05）; nitrogen biological value of pre-weaning calves in M LF group was significantly higher than that in CON and CT groups（ P〈0.05）. Compared with CON group,rumen fluid p H（ 28 to 80 days of age）and microbial protein content（ 56 and 80 days of age） in CT group were significantly increased（ P〈0. 05）,but the concentration of ammonia nitrogen was not impacted by treatments（ P〉0.05）; total volatile fatty acid concentration and butyrate content in M LF group were significantly higher than those in CON group at 56 days of age（ P〈0.05）; there was an increasing tendency for acetate to propionate ratio in CT and M LF groups compared to that in CON group（ P = 0.090）,and the contents of acetate and valerate were not significantly affected（ P〉0. 05）. In conclusion,the supplementation of CT can help to

关 键 词：犊牛 热带假丝酵母菌 桑叶黄酮 微生物蛋白 营养物质代谢 瘤胃发酵 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学] S823[农业科学—畜牧学]